ArticleAnnals of epidemiology2019
Contextualizing tuberculosis risk in time and space: comparing time-restricted genotypic case clusters and geospatial clusters to evaluate the relative contribution of recent transmission to incidence of TB using nine years of case data from Michigan, USA.
Article in Annals of epidemiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Characteristics of Plausible Source Cases Responsible for Recent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Transmission, United States, 2018-2022.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Assessing the association between elements of health inequalities and the risk of bacterial infection in high-income countries: a systematic scoping review.Access microbiology · 2026Review
- A case report of cervical pregnancy afterOpen medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeNovel approaches must address the underlying factors sustaining the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic in the United States, specifically what maintains new Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) transmission.
methodsCulture-confirmed TB cases reported to the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (2004-2012) were analyzed for time-restricted genotypic and/or geospatial clustering. Cases with both types of clustering were used as a proxy for recent, local transmission. Modified, multivariate Poisson regression models were fit to estimate this prevalence in relation to various individual- and neighborhood-level demographic and socio-economic variables.
resultsThose individuals that were spatially clustered were 1.7 times as likely to also be time-restricted genotypically clustered. The prevalence of recent, local transmission was higher among U.S.-born cases, males, and non-Hispanic blacks. Moreover, people living in neighborhoods in the highest poverty quartile had 13.8 times the prevalence of recent, local transmission compared with those in the lowest poverty neighborhoods.
conclusionsOur results suggest geographic areas with high concentration of TB cases are likely driven by ongoing transmission, rather than enclaves of individuals who have reactivated a case of latent TB. Furthermore, efforts to continue reducing Mtb transmission in the United States, and other low-incidence settings, must better identify community-level sources of risk, manifested through the complex social interactions among people and their environments.
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