ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2019
Inflammation in delayed ischemia and functional outcomes after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Regulatory T Cell- and Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Inflammation, Cerebral Vasospasm, and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Approach.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Inflammatory Cytokine Changes Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Animal Models and Humans.Translational stroke research · 2022Pooled it
- SAHRANG: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Recovery and Galantamine: A Pilot Multicenter Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.Neurocritical care · 2025Trial
- Identification of metabolites associated with preserved muscle volume after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage due to high protein supplementation and neuromuscular electrical stimulation.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- A Novel Anti-Inflammatory Small Molecule MW189 Reduces Microglial Activation and Improves Functional Outcomes in a Murine Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- Targeted proteomic analysis identifies ACVRL1 as a marker of cerebral edema in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Article
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage: epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, and clinical therapies.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Impact of vitamin D deficiency on clinical outcomes in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage: A single-center prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A NET-competent neutrophil subpopulation drives early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Longitudinal immune profiling demonstrates persistent MAIT cell reduction and temporal cytokine alterations after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Observational
- Article
- Review
- Mitigating Post-Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Complications: Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Anakinra in an Experimental Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: The Role of the Complement and Innate Immune System.Translational stroke research · 2025Review
- Effects of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Patients Without In-Hospital Infection on FABP-I, LBP, and sCD-14.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Comparative Effects of Anakinra and Tocilizumab on Inflammation and Cerebral Vasospasm in an Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Multi-targeted olink proteomics analyses of cerebrospinal fluid from patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.Proteome science · 2024Article
- The urotensin II receptor triggers an early meningeal response and a delayed macrophage-dependent vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage in male mice.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Cerebrospinal fluid markers of neuroinflammation and coagulation in severe cerebral edema and chronic hydrocephalus after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a prospective study.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Prognostic value of platelet levels in patients with aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Scientific reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInflammatory mechanism has been implicated in delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and poor functional outcomes after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Identification of cytokine patterns associated with inflammation in acute SAH will provide insights into underlying biological processes of DCI and poor outcomes that may be amenable to interventions.
methodsSerum samples were collected from a prospective cohort of 60 patients with acute non-traumatic SAH at four time periods (< 24 h, 24-48 h, 3-5 days, and 6-8 days after SAH) and concentration levels of 41 cytokines were measured by multiplex immunoassay. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify cytokines associated with DCI and poor functional outcomes. Correlation networks were constructed to identify cytokine clusters.
resultsOf the 60 patients enrolled in the study, 14 (23.3%) developed DCI and 16 (26.7%) had poor functional outcomes at 3 months. DCI was associated with increased levels of PDGF-ABBB and CCL5 and decreased levels of IP-10 and MIP-1α. Poor functional outcome was associated with increased levels of IL-6 and MCP-1α. Network analysis identified distinct cytokine clusters associated with DCI and functional outcomes.
conclusionsSerum cytokine patterns in early SAH are associated with poor functional outcomes and DCI. The significant cytokines primarily modulate the inflammatory response. This supports earlier SAH studies linking inflammation and poor outcomes. In particular, this study identifies novel cytokine patterns over time that may indicate impending DCI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.