ArticlePharmacoEconomics2020
Development and Validation of the TRansparent Uncertainty ASsessmenT (TRUST) Tool for Assessing Uncertainties in Health Economic Decision Models.
Article in PharmacoEconomics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of health economic evaluation quality assessment instruments for medical devices.International journal of technology assessment in health care · 2025Pooled it
- Critical assessment of uncertainty in economic evaluations on influenza vaccines for the elderly population in Spain.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Methods for Communicating the Impact of Parameter Uncertainty in a Multiple-Strategies Cost-Effectiveness Comparison.Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making · 2022Pooled it
- A Practical Framework for Understanding Cost-Effectiveness and Decision Risk in Health Benefits Package Design.Applied health economics and health policy · 2026Article
- Methods and evidence in economic evaluations of modern radiotherapy: a systematic mapping review protocol.BMJ open · 2026Article
- How Applied Researchers Engage with Methodological Tutorials: A Three-step Test Interview Study of an R Tutorial for Trial-Based Economic Evaluation.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2026Article
- Article
- Clinical impact and cost-effectiveness of vaccinating infants and adolescents against invasive meningococcal B disease in the Netherlands.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Can We Make Health Economic Decision Models as Simple as Possible, But Not Simpler? Introducing SMART tool.PharmacoEconomics · 2025Article
- Comparing the Costs Associated with Anxiolytic Agents for Reducing Distress in Children Undergoing Laceration Repair in the Emergency Department.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2025Article
- Modeling First-Line Daratumumab Use for Newly Diagnosed, Transplant-Ineligible, Multiple Myeloma: A Cost-Effectiveness and Risk Analysis for Healthcare Payers.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2024Article
- Evaluating the Validation Process: Embracing Complexity and Transparency in Health Economic Modelling.PharmacoEconomics · 2024Article
- Value-based payment for high-cost treatments in Singapore: a qualitative study of stakeholders' perspectives.International journal of technology assessment in health care · 2024Article
- Adding Value to CHEERS: New Reporting Standards for Value of Information Analyses.Applied health economics and health policy · 2024Article
- Using automated text classification to explore uncertainty in NICE appraisals for drugs for rare diseases.International journal of technology assessment in health care · 2024Article
- Response to uncertainty management in regulatory and health technology assessment decision-making on drugs: guidance of the HTAi-DIA Working Group - author's reply.International journal of technology assessment in health care · 2023Article
- Response to "UNCERTAINTY MANAGEMENT IN REGULATORY AND HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT DECISION-MAKING ON DRUGS: GUIDANCE OF THE HTAi-DIA WORKING GROUP".International journal of technology assessment in health care · 2023Article
- Comprehensive Review of Methods to Assess Uncertainty in Health Economic Evaluations.PharmacoEconomics · 2023Review
- How Sensitive is Sensitivity Analysis?: Evaluation of Pharmacoeconomic Submissions in Korea.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Designing and testing of a health-economic Markov model to assess the cost-effectiveness of treatments for Bipolar disorder: TiBipoMod.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAn increasing number of technologies are obtaining marketing authorisation based on sparse evidence, which causes growing uncertainty and risk within health technology reimbursement decision making. To ensure that uncertainty is considered and addressed within health technology assessment (HTA) recommendations, uncertainties need to be identified, included in health economic models, and reported.
objectiveOur objective was to develop the TRansparent Uncertainty ASsessmenT (TRUST) tool for systematically identifying, assessing, and reporting uncertainties in decision models, with the aim of making uncertainties and their impact on cost effectiveness more explicit and transparent.
methodsTRUST was developed by drawing on the uncertainty and risk assessment literature. To develop and validate this tool, we conducted HTA stakeholder discussion meetings and interviews and applied it in six real-world HTA case studies in the Netherlands and the UK.
resultsThe TRUST tool enables the identification and categorisation of uncertainty according to its source (transparency issues, methodology issues, and issues with evidence: imprecision, bias and indirectness, and unavailability) in each model aspect. The source of uncertainty determines the appropriate analysis. The impact of uncertainties on cost effectiveness is also assessed. Stakeholders found using the tool to be feasible and of value for transparent uncertainty assessment. TRUST can be used during model development and/or model review.
conclusionThe TRUST tool enables systematic identification, assessment, and reporting of uncertainties in health economic models and may contribute to more informed and transparent decision making in the face of uncertainty.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.