Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31700005›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2019

Viral emergence in marine mammals in the North Pacific may be linked to Arctic sea ice reduction.

E VanWormer, J A K Mazet, A Hall, V A Gill, P L Boveng, J M London, T Gelatt, B S Fadely, M E Lander, J Sterling and 12 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
7.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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  4. Pathogens and planetary change.Nature reviews. Biodiversity · 2025
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  6. Review
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  16. Novel alphaherpesvirus in a wild South American sea lion (Otaria byronia) with pulmonary tuberculosis.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2021
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors at 10 institutions in 2 countries.

E VanWormerWildlife Health Center, One Health Institute, 1089 Veterinary Drive, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
J A K MazetWildlife Health Center, One Health Institute, 1089 Veterinary Drive, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
A HallSea Mammal Research Unit, Gatty Marine Laboratory, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 8LB, UK.
V A GillU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine Mammals Management, 1011 East Tudor Road, Anchorage, AK, 99503, USA.
P L BovengAlaska Fisheries Science Center Marine Mammal Laboratory, NMFS, 7600 Sand Point Way N.E., Seattle, Washington, 98115, USA.
J M LondonAlaska Fisheries Science Center Marine Mammal Laboratory, NMFS, 7600 Sand Point Way N.E., Seattle, Washington, 98115, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3647-5046
T GelattAlaska Fisheries Science Center Marine Mammal Laboratory, NMFS, 7600 Sand Point Way N.E., Seattle, Washington, 98115, USA.
B S FadelyAlaska Fisheries Science Center Marine Mammal Laboratory, NMFS, 7600 Sand Point Way N.E., Seattle, Washington, 98115, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9172-1887
M E LanderAlaska Fisheries Science Center Marine Mammal Laboratory, NMFS, 7600 Sand Point Way N.E., Seattle, Washington, 98115, USA.
J SterlingAlaska Fisheries Science Center Marine Mammal Laboratory, NMFS, 7600 Sand Point Way N.E., Seattle, Washington, 98115, USA.
V N BurkanovAlaska Fisheries Science Center Marine Mammal Laboratory, NMFS, 7600 Sand Point Way N.E., Seattle, Washington, 98115, USA.
R R ReamAlaska Fisheries Science Center Marine Mammal Laboratory, NMFS, 7600 Sand Point Way N.E., Seattle, Washington, 98115, USA.
P M BrockInstitute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
L D ReaSteller Sea Lion Research Program, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation, 1300 College Road, Fairbanks, AK, 99701, USA.
B R SmithWildlife Health Center, One Health Institute, 1089 Veterinary Drive, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
A JeffersCentre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
M HenstockThe Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, GU24 0NF, UK.
M J RehbergSteller Sea Lion Research Program, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Wildlife Conservation, 1300 College Road, Fairbanks, AK, 99701, USA.
K A Burek-HuntingtonAlaska Veterinary Pathology Service, 23834 The Clearing Dr., Eagle River, AK, 99577, USA.
S L CosbyCentre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2617-8603
J A HammondThe Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, GU24 0NF, UK.
T GoldsteinWildlife Health Center, One Health Institute, 1089 Veterinary Drive, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. tgoldstein@ucdavis.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-7410
NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Fisheries Science Center · USAlaska Department of Fish and Game · USQueen's University Belfast · GBThe Pirbright Institute · GBUniversity of California, Davis · USUnited States Fish and Wildlife Service · USUniversity of California System · USUniversity of Glasgow · GBUniversity of Nebraska–Lincoln · USUniversity of St Andrews · GB

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BBS/E/I/00007030Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BBS/E/I/00007037Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BBS/E/I/00007038Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BBS/E/I/00007039
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Climate change-driven alterations in Arctic environments can influence habitat availability, species distributions and interactions, and the breeding, foraging, and health of marine mammals. Phocine distemper virus (PDV), which has caused extensive mortality in Atlantic seals, was confirmed in sea otters in the North Pacific Ocean in 2004, raising the question of whether reductions in sea ice could increase contact between Arctic and sub-Arctic marine mammals and lead to viral transmission across the Arctic Ocean. Using data on PDV exposure and infection and animal movement in sympatric seal, sea lion, and sea otter species sampled in the North Pacific Ocean from 2001-2016, we investigated the timing of PDV introduction, risk factors associated with PDV emergence, and patterns of transmission following introduction. We identified widespread exposure to and infection with PDV across the North Pacific Ocean beginning in 2003 with a second peak of PDV exposure and infection in 2009; viral transmission across sympatric marine mammal species; and association of PDV exposure and infection with reductions in Arctic sea ice extent. Peaks of PDV exposure and infection following 2003 may reflect additional viral introductions among the diverse marine mammals in the North Pacific Ocean linked to change in Arctic sea ice extent.

Indexed as

DistemperGlobal WarmingIceAnimalsAquatic OrganismsArctic RegionsCetaceaDistemper Virus, PhocineOttersIce

Identifiers

PMID31700005
PMCPMC6838065
OpenAlexW2986098667

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.