ArticleBMJ open2019
Evolving rifampicin and isoniazid mono-resistance in a high multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis region: a retrospective data analysis.
Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prevalence and profile of isoniazid mono-resistant tuberculosis in Pakistan: Insights from a decade of surveillance.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Optimizing drug-resistant tuberculosis diagnosis: cost-effectiveness of rapid molecular and phenotypic assays in South Africa.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Drug resistance patterns and associated risk factors in pulmonary tuberculosis patients from selected hospitals in Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Global disease and economic burden of main mycobacterial infections in the working-age population from 1990 to 2021 with a forecast to 2045.Infectious medicine · 2025Article
- Drug resistance profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolated from pulmonary tuberculosis patients and their household contacts in central Ethiopia.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Utility of Rapid Molecular Assays for Detecting Multidrug-ResistantDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Ration or compassion? Stakeholder perspectives on the introduction of bedaquiline in South Africa.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Characterization of isoniazid resistance and genetic mutations in isoniazid-resistant and rifampicin-susceptibleInfectious medicine · 2024Article
- Drug resistance profiles ofJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2024Article
- Review
- Rifampin Mono-Resistant Tuberculosis in New York City, 2010-2021: A Retrospective Case Series.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- First and Second-Line Anti-Tuberculosis Drug-Resistance Patterns in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Zambia.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Feasibility, Ease-of-Use, and Operational Characteristics of World Health Organization-Recommended Moderate-Complexity Automated Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests for the Detection of Tuberculosis and Resistance to Rifampicin and Isoniazid.The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2023Article
- A data compendium associating the genomes of 12,289 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates with quantitative resistance phenotypes to 13 antibiotics.PLoS biology · 2022Article
- Isoniazid or rifampicin preventive therapy with and without screening for subclinical TB: a modeling analysis.BMC medicine · 2021Article
- Low-Level Rifampin Resistance andJournal of clinical microbiology · 2021Article
- Rifampicin Mono-Resistant Tuberculosis-A Review of an Uncommon But Growing Challenge for Global Tuberculosis Control.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesSouth Africa ranks among the highest drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) burdened countries in the world. This study assessed the changes in resistance levels in culture confirmed
settingThis study was conducted at the central academic laboratory of the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa.
participantsWe analysed data for all MTB cultures performed in the KwaZulu-Natal province between 2011 and 2014. The data were collected from the laboratory information system.
resultsOut of 88 559 drug susceptibility results analysed, 18 352 (20.7%) were resistant to rifampicin (RIF) and 19 190 (21.7%) showed resistance to isoniazid (INH). The proportion of rifampicin resistant cases that were mono-resistant increased from 15.3% in 2011 to 21.4% in 2014 while INH mono-resistance (IMR) showed a range between 13.8% and 21.1%. The multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) rates increased from 18.8% to 23.9% and the proportion of MDR-TB cases that had extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis remained between 10.2% and 11.1%. Most drug resistance was found in females between the ages of 15 and 44 years and the northern districts bordering high MDR-TB regions had the highest MDR-TB rates.
conclusionOur findings show increasing RIF mono-resistance (RMR) and a substantial amount of IMR. This highlights a need for an initial test that detects resistance to both these drugs so as to avoid using RIF monotherapy during continuous phase of treatment in patients with IMR. Furthermore, addition of INH will benefit patients with RMR. Although DR-TB is widespread, HIV and migration influence its distribution; therefore, TB control strategies should include interventions that target these aspects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.