ArticlePloS one2019
HIV prevalence and correlated factors among male clients of female sex workers in a border region of China.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- The burden of HIV infection among men who purchase sex in low- and middle-income countries - a systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2020Pooled it
- The dissociation between condom use knowledge and actual behavior among college students in Guangzhou, China: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
- Molecular transmission network characteristics and high-risk transmission analysis of newly reported HIV-1 subjects in Nantong, China.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Sampling Strategies for Assessing Male Clients of Female Sex Workers in Public Health Research: A Compilation of Global Evidence.AIDS and behavior · 2025Review
- The trend, prevalence and potential risk factors of secondary HIV transmission among HIV/AIDS individuals receiving ART in Guangxi, China: a longitudinal cross-sectional study.Emerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- Article
- Prevalence, Trends and Correlates of HIV, Syphilis and HCV Infection Among Chinese Local and Cross-border Migrant Female Sex Workers in the Sino-Vietnam Border Area of Guangxi, 2016-2021.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Transmission network and phylogenetic analysis reveal older male-centered transmission of CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC in Guangxi, China.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
- A cross-sectional survey exploring HIV and HCV prevalence among men who purchase sex in Dnipro, Ukraine.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Low Behavioral Intention to Use Any Type of HIV Testing and HIV Self-Testing among Migrant Male Factory Workers Who Are at High Risk of HIV Infection in China: A Secondary Data Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Prevalence, Risk Factors and Vaccine Response against Hepatitis B in People Aged 50 Years or Older.Vaccines · 2023Article
- An exploratory transmission mode of HIV/AIDS among older people based on data from multiple sources in China.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Demographic features of identified PLWHA infected through commercial and nonmarital noncommercial heterosexual contact in China from 2015 to 2018: a retrospective cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- A thematic analysis of experiences of HIV risks among female sex workers in the Yunnan-Vietnam Chinese border region.BMC women's health · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo assess the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the correlated risk factors among male clients of female sex workers (FSWs) in a Chinese-Vietnamese border region in Yunnan Province, China.
methodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted between 2014 and 2015 in Hekou County, Yunnan Province, China. Convenience sampling and snowball sampling methods were used to recruit male clients for a questionnaire survey to collect information on demographics, sexual behavior, and drug use. Blood and urine samples were collected for testing of HIV/sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and drug use. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine factors correlated with HIV infection.
resultsOf 776 respondents who participated in the study, 721 (92.91%) were Chinese and 55 (7.09%) were Vietnamese. Overall HIV prevalence in male clients of FSWs was 2.06%, 128 (16.49%) were infected with HSV-2, and five (0.64%) tested syphilis-positive. Two-thirds (68.81%) of respondents reported always using condoms with FSWs, and 89.05% reported condom use in the last episode of commercial sex. Male clients from Vietnam were significantly more likely to take morphine (9.09%) compared with Chinese male clients of FSWs. Age ≥50 years (OR: 8.11, 95%CI: 1.26-52.16) and morphine positivity (OR: 7.35, 95%CI: 1.42-38.06) were associated with HIV infection in the multivariate logistic regression model.
conclusionThe relatively high proportion of male clients of FSWs who have numerous sexual partners and use condoms less frequently make them serve as important bridges for HIV transmission from FSWs to the low-risk general population. The positive association between morphine positivity and HIV infection confirmed illegal drug use as another important route for acquiring HIV infection in addition to sexual transmission, indicating that innovative interventions addressing both drug use and risky sexual behaviors are greatly required for male clients. Respondents aged ≥50 years have a higher risk of HIV infection, which emphasizes that older male clients of FSWs should be focused in future HIV prevention interventions in the border regions of China.
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