SynthesisJournal of medical Internet research2019
The Personalization of Conversational Agents in Health Care: Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Journal of medical Internet research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07073898 (Population Health Management Approaches to Increase Lung Cancer Screening in Community Health Centers - UG3 Pilot Clinical Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 110 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Population Health Management Approaches to Increase Lung Cancer Screening in Community Health Centers - UG3 Pilot Clinical Trial
Who cites it
110 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Conversational agent-based interventions for lifestyle behavior modification in older adults: a systematic review.Systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Harnessing artificial intelligence for infection control and prevention in hospitals: A comprehensive review of current applications, challenges, and future directions.Saudi medical journal · 2025Pooled it
- Conversational Agents for Body Weight Management: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Pooled it
- Conversational Agent Interventions for Mental Health Problems: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Pooled it
- Effectiveness and acceptability of conversational agents for sexual health promotion: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Sexual health · 2022Pooled it
- Promoting Physical Activity Through Conversational Agents: Mixed Methods Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2021Pooled it
- The Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence Conversational Agents in Health Care: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Pooled it
- Artificial Intelligence-Based Conversational Agents for Chronic Conditions: Systematic Literature Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Pooled it
- Computer-Controlled Virtual Humans in Patient-Facing Systems: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Pooled it
- Population-Based Digital Health Interventions to Deliver at-Home COVID-19 Testing: SCALE-UP II Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- Evaluating Older Adults' Engagement and Usability With AI-Driven Interventions: Randomized Pilot Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Trial
- Mental Health Chatbot for Young Adults With Depressive Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Single-Blind, Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Trial
- The Effects of Health Care Chatbot Personas With Different Social Roles on the Client-Chatbot Bond and Usage Intentions: Development of a Design Codebook and Web-Based Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Trial
- A Smartphone-Based Health Care Chatbot to Promote Self-Management of Chronic Pain (SELMA): Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2020Trial
- Improving Self-Care in Patients With Coexisting Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension by Technological Surrogate Nursing: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Trial
- Review
- Evaluating patients' trust in health information based on different dimensions of trust.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Conversational AI and Personal Growth: Insights from a Critical Integrative Review.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Virtual vs. standardized patients - a preliminary comparison of advantages and disadvantages of a VR and a conventional learning unit for medical students in child and adolescent psychiatry.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Digital Humans for Depression Assessment and Intervention Support: Scoping Review.JMIR mental health · 2026Article
50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe personalization of conversational agents with natural language user interfaces is seeing increasing use in health care applications, shaping the content, structure, or purpose of the dialogue between humans and conversational agents.
objectiveThe goal of this systematic review was to understand the ways in which personalization has been used with conversational agents in health care and characterize the methods of its implementation.
methodsWe searched on PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and ACM Digital Library using a predefined search strategy. The studies were included if they: (1) were primary research studies that focused on consumers, caregivers, or health care professionals; (2) involved a conversational agent with an unconstrained natural language interface; (3) tested the system with human subjects; and (4) implemented personalization features.
resultsThe search found 1958 publications. After abstract and full-text screening, 13 studies were included in the review. Common examples of personalized content included feedback, daily health reports, alerts, warnings, and recommendations. The personalization features were implemented without a theoretical framework of customization and with limited evaluation of its impact. While conversational agents with personalization features were reported to improve user satisfaction, user engagement and dialogue quality, the role of personalization in improving health outcomes was not assessed directly.
conclusionsMost of the studies in our review implemented the personalization features without theoretical or evidence-based support for them and did not leverage the recent developments in other domains of personalization. Future research could incorporate personalization as a distinct design factor with a more careful consideration of its impact on health outcomes and its implications on patient safety, privacy, and decision-making.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.