ReviewEJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry2019
Tracers for non-invasive radionuclide imaging of immune checkpoint expression in cancer.
Review in EJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- CD80 as an Important Immune Mediator and Therapeutic Target in Atherosclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Noninvasive in vivo deoxycytidine kinase (dCK)-PET identifies tumor-draining lymph nodes upon immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.Npj imaging · 2026Article
- Advances and challenges in immunotherapy and molecular imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- In-depth exploration of programmed cell death-related subtypes and development of a prognostic signature model in lung adenocarcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal imaging of immune dynamics: rethinking drug efficacy evaluation in cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Improved automated one-pot two-step radiosynthesis of (S)-[EJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry · 2024Article
- Navigating the landscape of PD-1/PD-L1 imaging tracers: from challenges to opportunities.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- The development process of 'fit-for-purpose' imaging biomarkers to characterize the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Making the effect visible - OX40 targeting nanobodies forFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Skin Cancer Pathobiology at a Glance: A Focus on Imaging Techniques and Their Potential for Improved Diagnosis and Surveillance in Clinical Cohorts.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- PET imaging of an optimized anti-PD-L1 probeEJNMMI research · 2022Article
- Immuno-Imaging (PET/SPECT)-Quo Vadis?Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Multiscale imaging of therapeutic anti-PD-L1 antibody localization using molecularly defined imaging agents.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Article
- Immunogenic cell death-related risk signature predicts prognosis and characterizes the tumour microenvironment in lower-grade glioma.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- PD-L1 Antibody Pharmacokinetics and Tumor Targeting in Mouse Models for Infectious Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Role of the TSPO-NOX4 axis in angiogenesis in glioblastoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Prognostic value of γ-aminobutyric acidergic synapse-associated signature for lower-grade gliomas.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Compensating Positron Range Effects of Ga-68 in Preclinical PET Imaging by Using Convolutional Neural Network: A Monte Carlo Simulation Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- Highlight selection of radiochemistry and radiopharmacy developments by editorial board (January-June 2020).EJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors demonstrates impressive improvements in the treatment of several types of cancer. Unfortunately, not all patients respond to therapy while severe immune-related adverse effects are prevalent. Currently, patient stratification is based on immunotherapy marker expression through immunohistochemical analysis on biopsied material. However, expression can be heterogeneous within and between tumor lesions, amplifying the sampling limitations of biopsies. Analysis of immunotherapy target expression by non-invasive quantitative molecular imaging with PET or SPECT may overcome this issue. In this review, an overview of tracers that have been developed for preclinical and clinical imaging of key immunotherapy targets, such as programmed cell death-1, programmed cell death ligand-1, IDO1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 is presented. We discuss important aspects to consider when developing such tracers and outline the future perspectives of molecular imaging of immunotherapy markers. Current techniques in immune checkpoint imaging and its potential for future applications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.