ReviewFrontiers in immunology2019
The Role of TLRs in Anti-cancer Immunity and Tumor Rejection.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 193 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
193 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Integration of healthy volunteers in early phase clinical trials with immuno-oncological compounds.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- An Open-Label Study of Subcutaneous CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide (PF03512676) in Combination with Trastuzumab in Patients with Metastatic HER2+ Breast Cancer.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterTrial
- Opsonization and timing as key determinants of MBTA immunotherapy efficacy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and recurrence treatment.Cancer biology & therapy · 2026Article
- Targeting WIP1 reprograms immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment to potentiate immunotherapy response in colorectal cancer.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- From Inflammatory RNAs to Therapeutic Silencing: Deciphering the RNA-Inflammation Axis in Cancer and Neurodegeneration.Biology · 2026Review
- Current Strategies and Emerging Paradigms of Immunotherapy in Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Cancer: A Review Article.Clinical drug investigation · 2026Review
- Activation of the NF-ĸB Signaling Pathway by Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus casei Through Modulation of TLR4 and DC-SIGN Genes in an Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Rat Model.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Nonglycosylated, Legumain-Cleavable ISACs Drive Potent Antitumor Immunotherapy via a Bystander Effect.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2026Article
- Identification of DHX58 as a potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer through multi-omics Mendelian randomization and transcriptomic data analysis.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Article
- Elevated mBMC cancer · 2026Article
- Identification and evaluation of tumor pyroptosis-associated antigens for design a vaccine candidate against lung cancer.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Expression of intracellular toll-like receptors in leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma.Acta odontologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Neuro-Immune Crosstalk: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, Diseases, and Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2026Review
- Bioprinting collagenase-responsive hydrogel for controlled release of cowpea mosaic virus immunotherapy.Biofabrication · 2026Article
- Elevated m 6 A RNA Modifications Associate with Immune Dysregulation and Cancer in People with HIV-1.Research square · 2026Article
- Toll-like Receptor 7/8 Agonists Exert Antitumor Effect in a Mouse Melanoma Model.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Negative regulators antagonizing antitumor innate immune pathways in lung cancer immune evasion.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting Toll-like Receptor 2: synthetic diacylated lipopeptides polarize equine macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Reshaping the immunosuppressive glioma microenvironment: mechanisms, biomarkers, and emerging immunotherapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Unveiling the molecular and immunological drivers of antibody-drug conjugates in cancer treatment.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2025Review
133 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In recent years, a lot of scientific interest has focused on cancer immunotherapy. Although chronic inflammation has been described as one of the hallmarks of cancer, acute inflammation can actually trigger the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands have long been used as adjuvants for traditional vaccines and it seems they may also play a role enhancing efficiency of tumor immunotherapy. The aim of this perspective is to discuss the effects of TLR stimulation in cancer, expression of various TLRs in different types of tumors, and finally the role of TLRs in anti-cancer immunity and tumor rejection.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.