ArticleJournal of ginseng research2019
AKT1-targeted proapoptotic activity of compound K in human breast cancer cells.
Article in Journal of ginseng research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research Progress on the Anticancer Effect of Ginsenoside Rh1.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Bioactive Constituents of Ginseng in Cancer Therapy: Molecular Mechanisms, Translational Potential, and Advanced Delivery Strategies.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Anticancer Mechanisms of Ginsenoside Compound K: A Review.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Endophytic fungi of Panax sokpayensis produce bioactive ginsenoside Compound K in flask fermentation.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Compound K Production: Achievements and Perspectives.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Establishment and characterization of a new intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cell line derived from a Chinese patient.Cancer cell international · 2022Article
- Article
- Protective Function ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Korean Red Ginseng water extract inhibits cadmium-induced lung injury via suppressing MAPK/ERK1/2/AP-1 pathway.Journal of ginseng research · 2022Article
- Decrypting a path based approach for identifying the interplay between PI3K and GSK3 signaling cascade from the perspective of cancer.Genes & diseases · 2022Review
- Systematic understanding of anti-tumor mechanisms of Tamarixetin through network and experimental analyses.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Anticancer properties and pharmaceutical applications of ginsenoside compound K: A review.Chemical biology & drug design · 2022Review
- Ginsenoside Compound K Assisted G-Quadruplex Folding and Regulated G-Quadruplex-Containing Transcription.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Anti-inflammatory effect ofPharmaceutical biology · 2021Article
- Article
- Korean Red Ginseng exerts anti-inflammatory and autophagy-promoting activities in aged mice.Journal of ginseng research · 2021Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Effects ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- Kahweol Exerts Skin Moisturizing Activities by Upregulating STAT1 Activity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- The Pathogenic Role of PI3K/AKT Pathway in Cancer Onset and Drug Resistance: An Updated Review.Cancers · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBreast cancer is a severe disease and the second leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. To surmount this, various diagnosis and treatment options for breast cancer have been developed. One of the most effective strategies for cancer treatment is to induce apoptosis using naturally occurring compounds. Compound K (CK) is a ginseng saponin metabolite generated by human intestinal bacteria. CK has been studied for its cardioprotective, antiinflammatory, and liver-protective effects; however, the role of CK in breast cancer is not fully understood.
methodsTo investigate the anticancer effects of CK in SKBR3 and MDA-MB-231 cells, cell viability assays and flow cytometry analysis were used. In addition, the direct targets of CK anticancer activity were identified using immunoblotting analysis and overexpression experiments. Invasion, migration, and clonogenic assays were carried out to determine the effects of CK on cancer metastasis.
resultsCK-induced cell apoptosis in SKBR3 cells as determined through 3-(4-5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays, propidium iodide (PI) and annexin V staining, and morphological changes. CK increased the cleaved forms of caspase-7, caspase-8, and caspase-9, whereas the expression of
conclusionOur results suggest that CK could be used as a therapeutic compound for breast cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.