ArticleBMC infectious diseases2019
Bacterial co-infection of the respiratory tract in ventilated children with bronchiolitis; a retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficient symptomatic treatment and viral load reduction for children with influenza virus infection by nasal-spraying Bacillus spore probiotics.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Nasal-spraying Bacillus spores as an effective symptomatic treatment for children with acute respiratory syncytial virus infection.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Lung ultrasound combined with C-reactive protein for identifying a bacterial component in children hospitalized with acute lower respiratory tract infections: a prospective observational study.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Observational
- Taxonomy of the Full Health and Societal Value of Maternal Vaccination to Prevent Infant Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Review
- Epidemiological characteristics of human parainfluenza virus infection in hospitalized children: a single-center study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Antibiotic overuse in a contemporary cohort of children hospitalized with influenza, RSV, or SARS-CoV-2: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Nasal-spraying Bacillus spore probiotics for pneumonia in children with respiratory syncytial virus and bacterial co-infections: a randomized clinical trial.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Phylogenetic Lineages and Diseases Associated withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Establishment and validation of a prediction model for apnea on bronchiolitis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- The rapid detection of respiratory pathogens in critically ill children.Critical care (London, England) · 2023Observational
- Metagenomic next-generation sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from children with severe pneumonia in pediatric intensive care unit.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- A cooperativity between virus and bacteria during respiratory infections.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Respiratory viruses dynamics and interactions: ten years of surveillance in central Europe.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Risk factors and incidence of invasive bacterial infection in severe bronchiolitis: the RICOIB prospective study.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Epidemiology and Outcomes of Bacterial Coinfection in Hospitalized Children With Respiratory Viral Infections: A Single Center Retrospective Chart Review.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2022Article
- Obstetric Risk Factors and Serological Characteristics of Early-Onset Neonates Bacterial Infections.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Article
- Severity of bronchiolitis in infants is associated with their parents' tobacco habit.European journal of pediatrics · 2021Observational
- Bacterial co-infection in patients with SARS-CoV-2 in the Kingdom of Bahrain.World journal of virology · 2021Article
- Comparison of urine proteome among rat models by intraperitoneal injection with single bacteria and co-injection with two bacteria.PloS one · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundViral bronchiolitis is the most common cause of respiratory failure requiring invasive ventilation in young children. Bacterial co-infections may complicate and prolong paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) stay. Data on prevalence, type of pathogens and its association with disease severity are limited though. These data are especially important as bacterial co-infections may be treated using antibiotics and could reduce disease severity and duration of PICU stay. We investigated prevalence of bacterial co-infection and its association with disease severity and PICU stay.
methodsRetrospective cohort study of the prevalence and type of bacterial co-infections in ventilated children performed in a 14-bed tertiary care PICU in The Netherlands. Children less than 2 years of age admitted between December 2006 and November 2014 with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis and requiring invasive mechanical ventilation were included. Tracheal aspirates (TA) and broncho-alveolar lavages (BAL) were cultured and scored based on the quantity of bacteria colony forming units (CFU) as: co-infection (TA > 10
resultsOf 167 included children 63 (37.7%) had a bacterial co-infection and 67 (40.1%) low bacterial growth. Co-infections occurred within 48 h from intubation in 52 out 63 (82.5%) co-infections. H.influenza (40.0%), S.pneumoniae (27.1%), M.catarrhalis (22.4%), and S.aureus (7.1%) were the most common pathogens. PICU stay and mechanical ventilation lasted longer in children with co-infections than children with negative cultures (9.1 vs 7.7 days, p = 0.04 and 8.1vs 6.5 days, p = 0.02).
conclusionsIn this large study, bacterial co-infections occurred in more than a third of children requiring invasive ventilation for bronchiolitis and were associated with longer PICU stay and mechanical ventilation. These findings support a clinical trial of antibiotics to test whether antibiotics can reduce duration of PICU stay.
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