ReviewSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2019
Nutrition and Altitude: Strategies to Enhance Adaptation, Improve Performance and Maintain Health: A Narrative Review.
Review in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluating the Impact of Urolithin A Supplementation on Running Performance, Recovery, and Mitochondrial Biomarkers in Highly Trained Male Distance Runners.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Trial
- Physiological effects of spirulina supplementation during lactate threshold exercise at simulated altitude (2,500 m): a randomized controlled trial.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Trial
- Supplementation of caffeine and sodium bicarbonate together could not improve performance and performance-related factors in CrossFit participants: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2023Trial
- Common and Divergent Physiological Responses to Hypoxia and Heat.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- The 2026 Men's FIFA Football World Cup: Evidence-Based Guidelines to Protect Player Health and Performance from Environmental Challenges.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Iron Deficiency in Vegetarian Athletes: A Narrative Review.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Biomarkers predicting the effectiveness of normobaric altitude training.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- The Role of Nutrition in Exercise and Sports.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Antioxidants and Exercise: A Redox-Informed Framework for Training Adaptation, Performance, and Recovery.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Reversible brain functional alterations induced by Short-Term high altitude exposure.Brain imaging and behavior · 2026Article
- Toward a record-eligible sub-2-hour marathon: an updated integrative framework of Physiological, technological, and cognitive determinants.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Review
- "Live high-train low" induced changes in hemoglobin mass and the erythropoietin-erythroferrone-hepcidin axis in female endurance athletes.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Differences in Cardiovascular, Biochemical and Nutritional Parameters Between High- and Low-Altitude Winter Sports Athletes.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Three weeks of heat maintenance potentiates the benefits of heat acclimation in trained females.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Review
- High-altitude mountaineering induces adaptive gut microbiome shifts associated with dietary intake and performance markers.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Influence of "live high-train low" on hemoglobin mass and post-exercise hepcidin response in female endurance athletes.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Article
- The Effects of Consuming Mineral Water from the "Topla Voda" Spring on the Body Composition and Functional and Biochemical Parameters of Professional Male Handball Athletes: A Pilot Study.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- High-altitude pulmonary hypertension: a comprehensive review of mechanisms and management.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Long-term effects of altitude on changes in intestinal flora in a young and middle-aged population: a longitudinal analysis before and after 6 months of entry to high altitude.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Training at low to moderate altitudes (~ 1600-2400 m) is a common approach used by endurance athletes to provide a distinctive environmental stressor to augment training stimulus in the anticipation of increasing subsequent altitude- and sea-level-based performance. Despite some scientific progress being made on the impact of various nutrition-related changes in physiology and associated interventions at mountaineering altitudes (> 3000 m), the impact of nutrition and/or supplements on further optimization of these hypoxic adaptations at low-moderate altitudes is only an emerging topic. Within this narrative review we have highlighted six major themes involving nutrition: altered energy availability, iron, carbohydrate, hydration, antioxidant requirements and various performance supplements. Of these issues, emerging data suggest that particular attention be given to the potential risk for poor energy availability and increased iron requirements at the altitudes typical of elite athlete training (~ 1600-2400 m) to interfere with optimal adaptations. Furthermore, the safest way to address the possible increase in oxidative stress associated with altitude exposure is via the consumption of antioxidant-rich foods rather than high-dose antioxidant supplements. Meanwhile, many other important questions regarding nutrition and altitude training remain to be answered. At the elite level of sport where the differences between winning and losing are incredibly small, the strategic use of nutritional interventions to enhance the adaptations to altitude training provides an important consideration in the search for optimal performance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.