Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31690298›Full record

Trial reportBMC health services research2019

A childhood immunization education program for parents delivered during late pregnancy and one-month postpartum: a randomized controlled trial.

Hiroko Otsuka-Ono, Narumi Hori, Hiroshi Ohta, Yukari Uemura, Kiyoko Kamibeppu

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC health services research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hiroko Otsuka-OnoDepartment of Family Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. hirokoo-tky@umin.ac.jp.
Narumi HoriDisease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Hiroshi OhtaSeto Hospital, Saitama, Japan.
Yukari UemuraBiostatistics Division, Central Coordinating Unit, Clinical Research Support Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Kiyoko KamibeppuDepartment of Family Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.

Funding

2012 Collaborative Domestic Research Grant from the Pfizer Health Research Foundation 12-9-067
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImproved immunization rates have reduced the incidence of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) in advanced nations. Japan's unique vaccination system classifies vaccines into routine vaccines ostensibly required under the Preventive Vaccination Law and recommended but optional vaccines, although all vaccines are in fact voluntary. In Japan, low immunization rates, particularly for optional vaccines, have resulted in high rates of sequelae and death. The decision as to whether a child will receive a vaccine depends on the parents, who must obtain information, make inquiries, and make the required payment, the last of which is a major barrier. This randomized, controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of an immunization education program designed to meet mothers' needs.

methodsThis randomized controlled trial assigned pregnant women to intervention or control groups. The intervention was individual education sessions involving the children's fathers in shared decision-making on whether or not to immunize their child. A survey was conducted before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the intention-to-treat principle.

resultsOf 225 pregnant women, 175 (78%) participated and 171 replied to the post-survey. At age 3 months, intervention infants had higher self-reported immunization rates for hepatitis B virus vaccine (76% vs. 49%; P < 0.001) and rotavirus vaccine (84% vs. 68%; P = 0.019) than control group infants. The percentage of parents intending to vaccinate their infants was higher in the intervention group (77% vs. 52%; P < 0.01). Improvements in scores for basic knowledge (mean [SD]: 5.5 [3.6] vs. 3.0 [3.8], range: 10-30; P < 0.001), advanced knowledge (mean [SD]: 5.1 [2.4] vs. 2.8 [2.5], range: 5-15; P < 0.001), and health literacy regarding immunization (mean [SD]: 0.5 [0.8] vs. 0.2 [0.6], range: 1-5; P < 0.01) were higher in the intervention group. The rate of decision making by both parents (68% vs. 52%; P < 0.05) was higher in the intervention group.

conclusionsOur findings confirmed the program's effectiveness. The intervention improved immunization rates, the percentage of parents intending to vaccinate their infants and knowledge scores. Interventions which directly and indirectly involved fathers in shared decision-making on whether to immunize their child were effective, as were individualized interventions that provided parents with access to up-to-date information.

trial registrationUMIN000012575 . Registered 14 December 2013 (The study was prospectively registered).

Indexed as

Health EducationImmunizationAdultDecision MakingFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansInfantIntentionJapanMaleParentsPostpartum PeriodPregnancyProgram EvaluationSurveys and QuestionnairesChildhood immunizationDecision-makingEducationImmunization rateParents

Identifiers

PMID31690298
PMCPMC6833181

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.