ArticleBMC psychiatry2019
Rural vs urban residence and experience of discrimination among people with severe mental illnesses in Ethiopia.
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Age-based discrimination and healthcare utilization among older adults in India: a sequential mediation model with rural-urban differences.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Mental health clinicians' perceptions and perceived challenges about recommending mental health apps to patients in Ethiopia.Discover mental health · 2026Article
- Experiences, needs and priorities of family caregivers of people with severe mental health conditions in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review of qualitative studies.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2026Review
- Experienced and anticipated discrimination among people living with schizophrenia in China: a cross-sectional study.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Improving outcomes for people who are homeless and have severe mental illness in Ethiopia, Ghana and Kenya: overview of the HOPE programme.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2025Article
- The role of a community conversation intervention in reducing stigma related to lower limb lymphoedema in Northern Ethiopia.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Studying the context of psychoses to improve outcomes in Ethiopia (SCOPE): Protocol paper.PloS one · 2024Article
- Health Disparities among Rural Individuals with Mental Health Conditions: A Systematic Literature Review.Rural mental health · 2023Article
- Mental illness stigma in Bangladesh: Findings from a cross-sectional survey.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2023Article
- Mental health stigma and discrimination in Ethiopia: evidence synthesis to inform stigma reduction interventions.International journal of mental health systems · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFew studies have addressed mental illness-related discrimination in low-income countries, where the mental health treatment gap is highest. We aimed to evaluate the experience of discrimination among persons with severe mental illnesses (SMI) in Ethiopia, a low-income, rapidly urbanizing African country, and hypothesised that experienced discrimination would be higher among those living in a rural compared to an urban setting.
methodsThe study was a cross-sectional survey of a community-ascertained sample of people with SMI who underwent confirmatory diagnostic interview. Experienced discrimination was measured using the Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC-12). Zero-inflated negative binomial regression was used to estimate the effect of place of residence (rural vs. urban) on discrimination, adjusted for potential confounders.
resultsOf the 300 study participants, 63.3% had experienced discrimination in the previous year, most commonly being avoided or shunned because of mental illness (38.5%). Urban residents were significantly more likely to have experienced unfair treatment from friends (χ
conclusionsPersons with SMI living in urban settings report more experience of discrimination than their rural counterparts, which may reflect a downside of wider social opportunities in urban settings. Initiatives to expand access to mental health care should consider how social exclusion can be overcome in different settings.
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