ArticleInternational journal of women's health2019
The efficacy of intrauterine devices for emergency contraception and beyond: a systematic review update.
Article in International journal of women's health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Progestin intrauterine devices versus copper intrauterine devices for emergency contraception.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Use of Paracervical Blocks for Patients Who Undergo Intrauterine Device Insertion.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Queryome: Orchestrating Retrieval, Reasoning, and Synthesis across Biomedical Literature.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The Use and Effectiveness of Different Emergency Contraception Methods Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in a Greek Clinic: A Cross-Sectional, Comparative, Observational Study.Clinics and practice · 2025Article
- Emergency contraception in primary health care.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2025Article
- Non-Hormonal Contraception.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Discontinuation Rate of Intrauterine Device and Associated Factors Among Women in the Last One Year in Angacha District, Southern Ethiopia.Open access journal of contraception · 2023Article
- Improving access to highly effective emergency contraception: an assessment of barriers and facilitators to integrating the levonorgestrel IUD as emergency contraception using two applications of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.Implementation science communications · 2022Article
- Rethinking referral pathways: qualitative evaluation of general practice networks to increase access to intrauterine contraception.Family practice · 2022Article
- Knowledge and practices of emergency contraception use and associated factors among female undergraduate students in Northern Uganda: A cross-sectional study.Women's health (London, England)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe copper intrauterine device (IUD) is a very effective form of emergency contraception. The failure rate is about 0.1%. IUDs are also very cost-effective when used as long acting-reversible contraception (LARC). The purpose of this review is to attempt to confirm these findings.
methodsThe references for this study were generated by entering the terms "intrauterine device" and "emergency contraception" in Medline, PubMed, Popline, Global Health and ClinicalTrials.gov. Chinese references were obtained from the Wanfang database. For the emergency contraception study, articles with a defined population who were followed up until outcome were eligible. Women who were adequately followed for at least 6 months were included in the long term arm of the study.
resultsThere were 18 (of 228) studies which met our selection criteria and were conducted in five countries, between August 2011 and January 2018. There were 1720 insertions of seven types of copper IUD with a failure rate of 0.12%. The maximum time from intercourse to IUD insertion was 14 days. The discontinuation rate at 12 months was over 20% in the long term studies.
conclusionThere are now a combined total of 8550 reported insertions from two reviews with 8 pregnancies and a failure rate of 0.093%. Copper IUDs remain an effective form of emergency contraception, for which they are under-promoted. The major limitation of the studies is the lack of data relating unprotected intercourse to the day of the cycle.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.