ArticleNature microbiology2020
Asymmetric distribution of TLR3 leads to a polarized immune response in human intestinal epithelial cells.
Article in Nature microbiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Animal organoids as models for integrated One Health research.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- AP-1B Controls Several Levels of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation in Mouse Enteroids.Biology of the cell · 2026Article
- Assessment of Epithelial Barrier Integrity by TEER and FITC-Dextran Permeability Assays.Bio-protocol · 2026Article
- Hypoxia Affects Stem Cell Fate in Patient-Derived Ileum Enteroids in a HIF-1α-Dependent Manner.Cells · 2025Article
- Interferons in health and disease.Cell · 2025Review
- Article
- Mendelian randomization combined with single-cell sequencing analysis revealed prognostic genes related to myeloid cell differentiation in prostate cancer and experimental verification.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- AP-1B regulates interactions of epithelial cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes in the intestine.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Organoids as a tool to study the impact of heterogeneity in gastrointestinal epithelium on host-pathogen interactions.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2024Review
- Grainyhead-like-2, an epithelial master programmer, promotes interferon induction and suppresses breast cancer recurrence.Molecular immunology · 2024Article
- Inverted apicobasal polarity in health and disease.Journal of cell science · 2024Review
- Listen to Your Gut: Key Concepts for Bioengineering Advanced Models of the Intestine.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Role of type-I and type-III interferons in gastrointestinal homeostasis and pathogenesis.Current opinion in immunology · 2024Review
- Infection of porcine enteroids and 2D differentiated intestinal epithelial cells with rotavirus A to study cell tropism and polarized immune response.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
- Microbial sensing in the intestine.Protein & cell · 2023Review
- Review
- Review
- Monitoring Effects of Membrane Traffic Via Changes in Cell Polarity and Morphogenesis in Three-Dimensional Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Cysts.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- TLR5 Signaling in the Regulation of Intestinal Mucosal Immunity.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Review
- Analogous comparison unravels heightened antiviral defense and boosted viral infection upon immunosuppression in bat organoids.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) act as a physical barrier separating the commensal-containing intestinal tract from the sterile interior. These cells have found a complex balance allowing them to be prepared for pathogen attacks while still tolerating the presence of bacterial or viral stimuli present in the lumen of the gut. Using primary human IECs, we probed the mechanisms that allow for such a tolerance. We discovered that viral infections emanating from the basolateral side of IECs elicit a stronger intrinsic immune response in comparison to lumenal apical infections. We determined that this asymmetric immune response is driven by the clathrin-sorting adaptor AP-1B, which mediates the polarized sorting of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) towards the basolateral side of IECs. Mice and human IECs lacking AP-1B showed an exacerbated immune response following apical stimulation. Together, these results suggest a model where the cellular polarity program plays an integral role in the ability of IECs to partially tolerate apical commensals while remaining fully responsive to invasive basolateral pathogens.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.