Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31685497›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2019

Self-identified barriers to rural mental health services in Iowa by older adults with multiple comorbidities: qualitative interview study.

Lauren Elizabeth Pass, Korey Kennelty, Barry L Carter

Open access · goldAbstract readEvaluation Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Early Evidence of Geographic Variation in Medicare Participation Among Newly Eligible Mental Health Providers Following the 2024 Coverage Expansion.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Lauren Elizabeth PassPharmacy Practice and Science, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1454-9278
Korey KenneltyPharmacy Practice and Science, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, Iowa, USA korey-kennelty@uiowa.edu.
Barry L CarterPharmacy Practice and Science, University of Iowa College of Pharmacy, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
University of Iowa · US

Funding

Dissemination of the Cardiovascular Risk Service (CVRS Live)R01HL139918 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI KENNELTY, KOREY A · 2018 to 2022
$3.7M
Improved Cardiovascular Risk Reduction to Enhance Rural Primary Care:I-CARER01HL116311 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI KENNELTY, KOREY A, LEVY, BARCEY THURSTON · 2013 to 2017
$3.6M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL116311NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL139918
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesIndividuals in rural areas face critical health disparities, including limited access to mental healthcare services and elevated burden of chronic illnesses. While disease outcomes are often worse in individuals who have both physical and mental comorbidities, few studies have examined rural, chronically-ill older adults' experiences accessing mental health services. The aim of the study was to determine barriers to finding, receiving and adhering to mental health treatments in this population to inform future interventions delivering services.

designWe conducted a qualitative study of barriers and facilitators to mental healthcare access. 19 interviews were analysed deductively for barriers using a modified version of Penchansky and Thomas's theory of access as an analytical framework.

settingThis study was conducted remotely using telephonic interviews. Patients were located in various rural Iowa towns and cities.

participants15 rural Iowan older adults with multiple physical comorbidities as well as anxiety and/or depression.

resultsWe found that while patients in this study often felt that their mental health was important to address, they experienced multiple, but overlapping, barriers to services that delayed care or broke their continuity of receiving care, including limited knowledge of extant services and how to find them, difficulties obtaining referrals and unsatisfactory relationships with mental health service providers.

conclusionsOur findings indicate that intervention across multiple domains of access is necessary for successful long-term management of mental health disorders for patients with multiple chronic comorbidities in Iowa.

Indexed as

AgedChronic DiseaseComorbidityFemaleGeriatric AssessmentHealth Services AccessibilityHumansInterviews as TopicIowaMaleMental DisordersMental Health ServicesMiddle AgedQualitative ResearchRural Health ServicesRural Populationanxiety disordersdepression & mood disordersmental healthprimary carepublic healthqualitative research

Identifiers

PMID31685497
PMCPMC6858190
OpenAlexW2985170731

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.