ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2019
PD-L1 Expression and Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Thymic Epithelial Neoplasms.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Atypical type A thymoma: a narrative review of a distinct and progressive variant of low-risk thymoma.Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China) · 2026Review
- Surgical treatment of the patient with locally advanced esophageal cancer and concurrent thymoma after neoadjuvant therapy: a case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Immune Checkpoint Therapy for Thymic Carcinoma.Cancers · 2025Review
- Predictive role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and immune phenotype for pembrolizumab in relapsed or refractory thymic carcinoma.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Article
- PD-L1 Expression in Neoplastic and Immune Cells of Thymic Epithelial Tumors: Correlations with Disease Characteristics and HDAC Expression.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Article
- Autoimmunity in thymic epithelial tumors: a not yet clarified pathologic paradigm associated with several unmet clinical needs.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Narrative review of indication and management of induction therapy for thymic epithelial tumors.Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China) · 2024Review
- Immunotherapy in thymic epithelial tumors: tissue predictive biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitors.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2024Review
- Immunotherapy of thymic epithelial tumors: molecular understandings and clinical perspectives.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment of Thymic Epithelial Tumors: Implications for Autoimmunity and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The crosstalk between the gut microbiota and tumor immunity: Implications for cancer progression and treatment outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Characteristics of genomic mutations and signaling pathway alterations in thymic epithelial tumors.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- The efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in thymic epithelial tumors: more effective, more risky: a systematic review.Journal of thoracic disease · 2021Review
- Difference in the distribution of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and FOXP3+ T cells between micronodular thymoma with lymphoid stroma and micronodular thymic carcinoma with lymphoid stroma.Pathology international · 2021Article
- Narrative review of immunotherapy in thymic malignancies.Translational lung cancer research · 2021Review
- Induction Strategy for Locally Advanced Thymoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- The Expression of PD-L1 and B7-H4 in Thymic Epithelial Tumor and Its Relationship With Tumor Immune-Infiltrating Cells.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Immunotherapy for thymoma.Journal of thoracic disease · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are rare malignant mediastinal tumors that are difficult to diagnose and treat. The programmed death 1 (PD-1) receptor and its ligand (PD-L1) are expressed in various malignant tumors and have emerged as potential immunotherapeutic targets. However, the immunobiology of TETs is poorly understood. We evaluated PD-L1 expression and the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD8 and CD3 expression) in surgical TET specimens from 39 patients via immunohistochemistry and determined their relation to clinicopathological parameters. Cases with membranous reactivity of the PD-L1 antibody in ≥1% of tumor cells were considered positive. Positive PD-L1 expression was observed in 53.9% of cases. Histologically, PD-L1 expression was positive in 2/6 type A, 2/6 type AB, 3/9 type B1, 4/4 type B2, 5/6 type B3, and 5/8 type C TET cases. Thus, the number of cases with PD-L1 expression and the percent expression of PD-L1 were significantly higher in more aggressive thymomas (type B2 or B3). CD3+ and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were diffusely and abundantly distributed in all cases. These data suggest that a PD-1/PD-L1 blockade is a promising treatment for TETs, with more beneficial treatment effects for aggressive thymomas such as type B2 or B3.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.