ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2019
A Crucial Role for the Small GTPase Rac1 Downstream of the Protein Kinase Akt2 in Insulin Signaling that Regulates Glucose Uptake in Mouse Adipocytes.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- GLUT4 Trafficking and Storage Vesicles: Molecular Architecture, Regulatory Networks, and Their Disruption in Insulin Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Focal Adhesion Kinase Orchestrates GLUT4 Translocation and Glucose Uptake via Cytoskeletal Turnover in Primary Adipocytes.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- β2-Chimaerin, a GTPase-Activating Protein for Rac1, Is a Novel Regulator of Hepatic Insulin Signaling and Glucose Metabolism.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Exercise training and cold exposure trigger distinct molecular adaptations to inguinal white adipose tissue.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Antiretrovirals Promote Insulin Resistance in HepG2 Liver Cells through miRNA Regulation and Transcriptional Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Regulation of De Novo Lipid Synthesis by the Small GTPase Rac1 in the Adipogenic Differentiation of Progenitor Cells from Mouse White Adipose Tissue.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- RHO GTPase family in hepatocellular carcinoma.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2022Review
- Crosstalk between circRNAs and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in cancer progression.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2021Review
- Atrophy of White Adipose Tissue Accompanied with Decreased Insulin-Stimulated Glucose Uptake in Mice Lacking the Small GTPase Rac1 Specifically in Adipocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Review
- Diverse Physiological Functions and Regulatory Mechanisms for Signal-Transducing Small GTPases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Effects of RAC1 on Proliferation of Hen Ovarian Prehierarchical Follicle Granulosa Cells.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
- Role of Skeletal Muscle in Insulin Resistance and Glucose Uptake.Comprehensive Physiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is mediated by translocation of the glucose transporter GLUT4 to the plasma membrane in adipocytes and skeletal muscle cells. In both types of cells, phosphoinositide 3-kinase and the protein kinase Akt2 have been implicated as critical regulators. In skeletal muscle, the small GTPase Rac1 plays an important role downstream of Akt2 in the regulation of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. However, the role for Rac1 in adipocytes remains controversial. Here, we show that Rac1 is required for insulin-dependent GLUT4 translocation also in adipocytes. A Rac1-specific inhibitor almost completely suppressed GLUT4 translocation induced by insulin or a constitutively activated mutant of phosphoinositide 3-kinase or Akt2. Constitutively activated Rac1 also enhanced GLUT4 translocation. Insulin-induced, but not constitutively activated Rac1-induced, GLUT4 translocation was abrogated by inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase or Akt2. On the other hand, constitutively activated Akt2 caused Rac1 activation, and insulin-induced Rac1 activation was suppressed by an Akt2-specific inhibitor. Moreover, GLUT4 translocation induced by a constitutively activated mutant of Akt2 or Rac1 was diminished by knockdown of another small GTPase RalA. RalA was activated by a constitutively activated mutant of Akt2 or Rac1, and insulin-induced RalA activation was suppressed by an Akt2- or Rac1-specific inhibitor. Collectively, these results suggest that Rac1 plays an important role in the regulation of insulin-dependent GLUT4 translocation downstream of Akt2, leading to RalA activation in adipocytes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.