ReviewFrontiers in immunology2019
Dynamic Function and Composition Changes of Immune Cells During Normal and Pathological Pregnancy at the Maternal-Fetal Interface.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 256 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
256 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 472 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global research on NK cells in miscarriage: a bibliometric study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Exploring the presence of markers of decidualization in the fallopian tubes: a systematic review.Biology of reproduction · 2023Pooled it
- Agomelatine ameliorates abortion-related alterations in rats: Insights from behavioural, biochemical and histological analyses.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Trophoblast metabolic reprogramming triggers adverse pregnancy outcomes during DENV-2 infection in mice.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Machine learning-driven decoding of maternal immune signatures in repeated pregnancy loss.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Toxoplasma gondii infection reduces CD59 expression through downregulation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling axis to enhance decidual NK cell cytotoxicity via the RAS/MAPK pathway.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Article
- Article
- Immunological Role of Intrauterine Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in Infertile Women Undergoing ICSI.Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India · 2026Article
- Progesterone Exposure in Pregnancy, Obstetric Stabilization, and Developmental Outcomes: A Focused Review of Direct and Indirect Pathways.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Remodeling lesions locate at sites of strong extravillous trophoblast invasion and are associated with neutrophil presence in the human first-trimester decidua.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Multi-omics biomarkers in endometrial receptivity: from mechanisms to clinical translation.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Genetic survey of biomarkers at early and mid-pregnancy identifies pregnancy-specialized immune regulation.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- Autoimmune Disorders and Thrombophilia in Pathologic Pregnancies: Management Throughout the Full Gestation.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Innate Immunity and Microbial Recognition in Reproduction: From Barrier Defense to Maternal-Fetal Tolerance.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Review
- Revealing an enhanced cytotoxic immune microenvironment at the human maternal-fetal interface in preeclampsia.Cell biology and toxicology · 2026Article
- Maternal opioid use disorder and hepatitis C infection in pregnancy reshape the peripheral immune landscape at term.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Preterm birth skews the developmental trajectory of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the first 48 hours of life: single-cell transcriptomics and inferred intercellular communication.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Engineering the Human Endometrial-Embryo Interface: Breakthroughs in 3D Uterine Models.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Metabolic Reprogramming Driven by Trophoblasts and Decidual XCR1Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Bushen Huoxue Recipe enhances the immune microenvironment at the maternal-fetal interface via the Hippo signaling pathway in mice with recurrent spontaneous abortion.Journal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2026Article
196 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A successful pregnancy requires a fine-tuned and highly regulated balance between immune activation and embryonic antigen tolerance. Since the fetus is semi-allogeneic, the maternal immune system should exert tolerant to the fetus while maintaining the defense against infection. The maternal-fetal interface consists of different immune cells, such as decidual natural killer (dNK) cells, macrophages, T cells, dendritic cells, B cells, and NKT cells. The interaction between immune cells, decidual stromal cells, and trophoblasts constitute a vast network of cellular connections. A cellular immunological imbalance may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as recurrent spontaneous abortion, pre-eclampsia, pre-term birth, intrauterine growth restriction, and infection. Dynamic changes in immune cells at the maternal-fetal interface have not been clearly stated. While many studies have described changes in the proportions of immune cells in the normal maternal-fetus interface during early pregnancy, few studies have assessed the immune cell changes in mid and late pregnancy. Research on pathological pregnancy has provided clues about these dynamic changes, but a deeper understanding of these changes is necessary. This review summarizes information from previous studies, which may lay the foundation for the diagnosis of pathological pregnancy and put forward new ideas for future studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.