ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology2020
Effectiveness of 1, 2, and 3 Doses of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Against High-Grade Cervical Lesions Positive for Human Papillomavirus 16 or 18.
Article in American journal of epidemiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programmes on community rates of HPV-related disease and harms from vaccination.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- "We adjusted for race": now what? A systematic review of utilization and reporting of race in American Journal of Epidemiology and Epidemiology, 2020-2021.Epidemiologic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Clinical effectiveness of HPV vaccine by age at vaccination: a matched case-control study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Unvaccinated 16- to 20-Year-Old Men in Quebec, Canada.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Literature Review and Policy Recommendations for Single-Dose HPV Vaccination Schedule in China: Opportunities and Challenges.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Analysis of the Relationship Between Cervical Cancer Progression and the Microbiome.International journal of general medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Barriers to cervical cancer prevention in a safety net clinic: gaps in HPV vaccine provider recommendation and series completion among Ob/Gyn patients.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Article
- The changing nature of HPV associated with high grade cervical lesions in vaccinated populations, a retrospective study of over 1700 cases in Scotland.British journal of cancer · 2023Article
- Human Papillomavirus-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer: Global Epidemiology and Public Policy Implications.Cancers · 2023Review
- A single dose of quadrivalent HPV vaccine is highly effective against HPV genotypes 16 and 18 detection in young pregnant women eight years following vaccination: an retrospective cohort study in Fiji.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2023Article
- Evaluation of the Novaplex II HPV28 Detection Assay for HPV Typing in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissues.The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2023Article
- Impact of HPV vaccination on HPV infection and cervical related disease burden in real-world settings (HPV-RWS): protocol of a prospective cohort.BMC public health · 2022Article
- [Infectious Disease Prevention Group: Update on vaccines, 2022].Atencion primaria · 2022Article
- Vaccine Effectiveness Following Routine Immunization With Bivalent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine: Protection Against Incident Genital HPV Infections From a Reduced-Dosing Schedule.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Impact of prior underinsurance on cervical cancer screening among Davidson County, Tennessee, women diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer, 2008-2018.BMC women's health · 2022Article
- Monitoring HPV vaccine impact on cervical disease: Status and future directions for the era of cervical cancer elimination.Preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Surveillance systems for monitoring cervical cancer elimination efforts: Focus on HPV infection, cervical dysplasia, cervical screening and treatment.Preventive medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Before 2016, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination was recommended on a 3-dose schedule. However, many vaccine-eligible US females received fewer than 3 doses, which provided an opportunity to evaluate the real-world vaccine effectiveness (VE) of 1, 2, and 3 doses. We analyzed data on cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades 2-3 and adenocarcinoma in situ (designated CIN2+) from the HPV Vaccine Impact Monitoring Project (HPV-IMPACT; 2008-2014). Archived tissue from CIN2+ lesions was tested for 37 types of HPV. Women were classified by number of doses received ≥24 months before CIN2+ detection. Using a test-negative design, VE was estimated as 1 minus the adjusted odds ratio from a logistic regression model that compared vaccination history for women whose lesions tested positive for HPV-16/18 (vaccine-type cases) with that for women who had all other CIN2+ lesions (controls). Among 3,300 women with available data on CIN2+, typing results, and vaccine history, 1,561 (47%) were HPV-16/18-positive, 136 (4%) received 1 dose of HPV vaccine, 108 (3%) received 2 doses, and 325 (10%) received 3 doses. Adjusted odds ratios for vaccination with 1, 2, and 3 doses were 0.53 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.37, 0.76; VE = 47%), 0.45 (95% CI: 0.30, 0.69; VE = 55%), and 0.26 (95% CI: 0.20, 0.35; VE = 74%), respectively. We found significant VE against vaccine-type CIN2+ after 3 doses of HPV vaccine and lower but significant VE with 1 or 2 doses.
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