ArticleFood and environmental virology2020
Feasibility of the Bag-Mediated Filtration System for Environmental Surveillance of Poliovirus in Kenya.
Article in Food and environmental virology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Environmental surveillance of pathogens in Africa.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Review
- Integration of poliovirus and enteropathogen sewage surveillance in Dhaka Bangladesh: a longitudinal surveillance study, June 2019-June 2020.The Lancet. Microbe · 2026Article
- Environmental pathogen surveillance in cities without universal piped wastewater infrastructure.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Advance Warning and Response Systems in Kenya: A Scoping Review.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Harnessing Non-standard Nucleic Acids for Highly Sensitive Icosaplex (20-Plex) Detection of Microbial Threats for Environmental Surveillance.ACS synthetic biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Case-Control Study of Household and Environmental Transmission of Typhoid Fever in India.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Quantification and Trends of Rotavirus and Enterovirus in Untreated Sewage Using Reverse Transcription Droplet Digital PCR.Food and environmental virology · 2021Article
- Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 spread using wastewater-based epidemiology: Comprehensive study.The Science of the total environment · 2021Article
- Sewage, Salt, Silica, and SARS-CoV-2 (4S): An Economical Kit-Free Method for Direct Capture of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from Wastewater.Environmental science & technology · 2021Article
- A comparison of SARS-CoV-2 wastewater concentration methods for environmental surveillance.The Science of the total environment · 2021Article
- Validation of the bag-mediated filtration system for environmental surveillance of poliovirus in Nairobi, Kenya.Journal of applied microbiology · 2021Article
- Sewage, Salt, Silica and SARS-CoV-2 (4S): An economical kit-free method for direct capture of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from wastewater.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
25 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The bag-mediated filtration system (BMFS) was developed to facilitate poliovirus (PV) environmental surveillance, a supplement to acute flaccid paralysis surveillance in PV eradication efforts. From April to September 2015, environmental samples were collected from four sites in Nairobi, Kenya, and processed using two collection/concentration methodologies: BMFS (> 3 L filtered) and grab sample (1 L collected; 0.5 L concentrated) with two-phase separation. BMFS and two-phase samples were analyzed for PV by the standard World Health Organization poliovirus isolation algorithm followed by intratypic differentiation. BMFS samples were also analyzed by a cell culture independent real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) and an alternative cell culture method (integrated cell culture-rRT-PCR with PLC/PRF/5, L20B, and BGM cell lines). Sabin polioviruses were detected in a majority of samples using BMFS (37/42) and two-phase separation (32/42). There was statistically more frequent detection of Sabin-like PV type 3 in samples concentrated with BMFS (22/42) than by two-phase separation (14/42, p = 0.035), possibly due to greater effective volume assayed (870 mL vs. 150 mL). Despite this effective volume assayed, there was no statistical difference in Sabin-like PV type 1 and Sabin-like PV type 2 detection between these methods (9/42 vs. 8/42, p = 0.80 and 27/42 vs. 32/42, p = 0.18, respectively). This study demonstrated that BMFS can be used for PV environmental surveillance and established a feasible study design for future research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.