Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31677084›Full record

ArticleInfection2020

Burden of community-associated Clostridioides difficile infection in southeastern United States: a population-based study.

Mariam Younas, Julie Royer, Sharon B Weissman, Katie S Waites, Sangita Dash, Hana Rac, P Brandon Bookstaver, Julie Ann Justo, Linda Bell, Anton Maki and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Infection, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Epidemiologic profile of community-acquiredEpidemiology and infection · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Association Between Reporting Antimicrobial Use andPharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  3. The Role ofMicroorganisms · 2025
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Mariam YounasUniversity of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA. drmariamyounas@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1112-7392
Julie RoyerHealth and Demographics Division, South Carolina Revenue and Fiscal Affairs Office, Columbia, SC, USA.
Sharon B WeissmanUniversity of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA.
Katie S WaitesSouth Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control, Columbia, SC, USA.
Sangita DashUniversity of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA.
Hana RacDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Columbia, SC, USA.
P Brandon BookstaverDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Columbia, SC, USA.
Julie Ann JustoDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Columbia, SC, USA.
Linda BellSouth Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control, Columbia, SC, USA.
Anton MakiSouth Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control, Columbia, SC, USA.
Majdi N Al-HasanUniversity of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA. majdi.alhasan@uscmed.sc.edu.

Funding

CDC HHS EpidemiologyCDC HHS Laboratory Capacity Project K2
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis cross-sectional population-based study aims to determine overall incidence rate of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in the State of South Carolina and provide an estimated cost of hospitalization due to community-associated CDI (CA-CDI).

methodsAll CDI cases in South Carolina were identified through National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) and the South Carolina Infectious Disease and Outbreak Network (SCION) from January 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016, excluding infants < 1 year of age.

resultsDuring the 18-month study period, 10,254 CDI events were identified in South Carolina residents with an overall incidence rate of 139/100,000 person-years. Over one-half of CDI cases were CA-CDI (5192; 51%) with an incidence rate of 71/100,000 person-years. Among patients with CA-CDI, 2127 (41%) required hospitalization with a median length of stay of 5 days. The annual burden of CA-CDI in South Carolina was estimated to be 9282 hospital days and $16,217,295 in hospitalization costs.

conclusionThe incidence rate of CA-CDI in South Carolina has surpassed both community-onset healthcare facility associated and hospital-onset CDI combined. The heavy burden of CA-CDI justifies dedication of public health resources to combat CDI in ambulatory settings, through antimicrobial stewardship initiatives.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overChildChild, PreschoolClostridioides difficileClostridium InfectionsCommunity-Acquired InfectionsCost of IllnessCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHospitalizationHumansIncidenceInfantAntibioticsAntimicrobial StewardshipEpidemiologyInfection preventionNosocomial infections

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.