ArticleExperimental & applied acarology2019
A standardized method for the construction of a tick drag/flag sampling approach and evaluation of sampling efficacy.
Article in Experimental & applied acarology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Spatial Epidemiology and Ecological Determinants of Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens Co-Circulation in Brijuni National Park, Croatia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Genetic Diversity and Novel Lineages ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Species diversity and geographical distribution of ticks infesting domestic animals in Bagmati Province, Nepal.PloS one · 2026Article
- Assessment of human health risks to tick-borne infections in urban green spaces (UGS) - a study protocol.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Park Size and Trail Environment Influence the Seasonal Transmission Risk of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Nashville Metropolitan Area Parks, Tennessee.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Scent detection dogs detect a species of hard tick, Dermacentor albipictus, with comparable accuracy and efficiency to traditional tick drag surveys.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Molecular investigation reveals three hemotropic mycoplasmas in cats and three tick species in China.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Seasonal dynamic of ticks infesting cattle (Bos indicus) farms in two provinces in Cambodia.PloS one · 2025Article
- Monitoring of questing tick species distribution in Galicia, north-western Spain, over a period of 5.5 years.Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Seasonality ofVector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Evaluating the Clinical and Immune Responses to Spotted Fever Rickettsioses in the Guinea Pig-Tick-Rickettsia System.Current protocols · 2022Article
- Metatranscriptomic profiling reveals diverse tick-borne bacteria, protozoans and viruses in ticks and wildlife from Australia.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2022Article
- One Health Approach to Tick and Tick-Borne Disease Surveillance in the United Kingdom.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Article
- A Beginner's Guide to Collecting Questing Hard Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae): A Standardized Tick Dragging Protocol.Journal of insect science (Online) · 2020Article
- Heartland Virus in Lone Star Ticks, Alabama, USA.Emerging infectious diseases · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Drag sampling and flagging are two of the most effective and widely applied techniques to monitor tick populations. Despite the importance of this sampling strategy, there is a lack of standardized protocols for the construction of an inexpensive tick drag/flag. To this end, we provide a step-by-step protocol that details the construction of a tick drag/flag. We provide evidence of efficacy by comparing results obtained over 3-months at 108 locations within the William B. Bankhead National Forest, Alabama, USA. Overall, our drag/flag sampling approach yielded 1127 larvae, 460 nymphs, and 53 adults for a total of 1640 ticks representing three species. We detected significant patterns in Amblyomma americanum abundance for nymphs and adults with greater counts in June (β = 0.91 ± 0.36, 95% CI 0.55-1.27; β = 2.44 ± 0.63, 95% CI 1.81-3.07, respectively) and July (β = 0.73 ± 0.36, 95% CI 0.37-1.09; β = 1.65 ± 0.66, 95% CI 0.99-2.31, respectively) as compared to August. We also detected a significant difference in tick captures by tick drag/flag fabric type with greater captures when muslin was used as compared to flannel (β = 1.07 ± 0.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.13). Our goal is to provide instructions to assemble a highly effective tick drag/flag using minimal supplies. Evaluation and improvements of sampling techniques is essential to understand impacts of landscape management and larger stressors, such as climate change on tick populations but also for enhancing detection of invasive non-native species.
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