ArticleObesity (Silver Spring, Md.)2020
Childhood Obesity and the Food Environment: A Population-Based Sample of Public School Children in New York City.
Article in Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Food Environment and Childhood Overweight/Obesity: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Pooled it
- Review
- Socio-Spatial Segregation of Unhealthy Food Environments across Public Schools in Santiago, Chile.Nutrients · 2023Article
- COVID-19 vaccines for children: Racial and ethnic disparities in New York City.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- The link between gentrification, children's egocentric food environment, and obesity.Housing policy debate · 2023Article
- Retail Food Environment around Schools in Barcelona by Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status: Implications for Local Food Policy.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Mapping the Way to Good Health: The Interdisciplinary Challenges of Geographers in Medical Research.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Association Between a Policy to Subsidize Supermarkets in Underserved Areas and Childhood Obesity Risk.JAMA pediatrics · 2022Article
- The Prenatal Neighborhood Environment and Geographic Hotspots of Infants with At-risk Birthweights in New York City.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2022Article
- Social Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease.Circulation research · 2022Review
- Improving spatial data in health geographics: a practical approach for testing data to measure children's physical activity and food environments using Google Street View.International journal of health geographics · 2021Article
- The Importance of Body Mass Index Assessment and Surveillance in Schools.JAMA pediatrics · 2021Article
- Does Proximity to Fast Food Cause Childhood Obesity? Evidence from Public Housing.Regional science and urban economics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to examine the relationship between proximity to healthy and unhealthy food outlets around children's homes and their weight outcomes.
methodsA total of 3,507,542 student-year observations of height and weight data from the 2009-2013 annual FitnessGram assessment of New York City public school students were used. BMI z scores were calculated, student obesity or obesity/overweight was determined using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts, and these data were combined with the locations of four food outlet types (fast-food restaurants, wait-service restaurants, corner stores, and supermarkets) to calculate distance to the nearest outlet. Associations between weight status outcomes and distance to these food outlet types were examined using neighborhood (census tract) fixed effects.
resultsLiving farther than 0.025 mile (about half of a city block) from the nearest fast-food restaurant was associated with lower obesity and obesity/overweight risk and lower BMI z scores. Results ranged from 2.5% to 4.4% decreased obesity. Beyond this distance, there were generally no impacts of the food environment and little to no impact of other food outlet types.
conclusionsProximity to fast-food restaurants was inversely related to childhood obesity, but no relationships beyond that were seen. These findings can help better inform policies focused on food access, which could, in turn, reduce childhood obesity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.