ArticleNeurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics2020
Anti-Neuronal Antibodies Within the IVIg Preparations: Importance in Clinical Practice.
Article in Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Testing for neural antibodies in autoimmune encephalitis: who, what, where, when, why, and how.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Review
- Autoimmune nodopathy associated with Sjögren's disease and nephrotic syndrome: a case report and literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Core diagnostic features of stiff person syndrome: insights from a case-control study.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Article
- Natural autoantibodies and their functional therapeutic roles in intravenous immunoglobulin.Frontiers in aging · 2025Review
- Ten Years ofNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Clinical Characteristics Analysis of 30 Cases of Interferon-γ Autoantibody-Positive Patients with Concurrent Mycobacterial Infection: A 6-Year Retrospective Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Stiff-person syndrome and related disorders - diagnosis, mechanisms and therapies.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2024Review
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- Thymoma with immunodeficiency, combined diffuse panbronchiolitis, and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults- case report and systematic review.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2024Article
- Review
- Resection of Gastric Cancer Remitted Anti-signal Recognition Particle Myopathy.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2022Article
- Stiff-person Syndrome and GAD Antibody-spectrum Disorders: GABAergic Neuronal Excitability, Immunopathogenesis and Update on Antibody Therapies.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2022Review
- Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease (MOGAD): A Review of Clinical and MRI Features, Diagnosis, and Management.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Review
- The clinical relevance of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in children with encephalitis/encephalopathy.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Anti-C2 Antibody ARGX-117 Inhibits Complement in a Disease Model for Multifocal Motor Neuropathy.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Update on Intravenous Immunoglobulin in Neurology: Modulating Neuro-autoimmunity, Evolving Factors on Efficacy and Dosing and Challenges on Stopping Chronic IVIg Therapy.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2021Review
- Detection of Antibodies Against Human Leukocyte Antigen Class II in the Sera of Patients Receiving Intravenous Immunoglobulin.Transplantation direct · 2021Article
- Antibody-Mediated Autoimmune Diseases of the CNS: Challenges and Approaches to Diagnosis and Management.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Review
- GAD antibody-spectrum disorders: progress in clinical phenotypes, immunopathogenesis and therapeutic interventions.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Our study objective was testing for anti-neuronal autoantibodies within commercially available intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) preparations. Sixteen samples from 5 different commercially available IVIg preparations were tested with cell-based assays (CBA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect and characterize common neuronal autoantibodies, and with immunohistochemistry on teased fibers from mouse sciatic nerve and on mouse brain sections to screen for nodal and not yet identified neuronal antigens. In 15/16 IVIg preparations, anti-GAD antibodies were detected in titers ranging from 40 to 1507 IU/mL, as typically seen in type 1 diabetes, but not in the range (> 2000 IU/mL) seen in GAD-positive neurological patients. None of the preparations was however positive with anti-GAD CBA. Antibodies to AQP4 were also detected by ELISA in 15/16 IVIg preparations with titers comparable to those seen in AQP4-seropositive NMO patients; with CBA, however, all IVIg samples were AQP4-negative. IVIg preparations contained IgG-anti-MAG antibodies by ELISA at statistically significant higher titers compared to controls. Two of the 16 IVIg samples were positive for human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) antibodies. All IVIg preparations were negative for antibodies to MOG, NMDAR, anti-nodal, and other neuronal-specific proteins. IVIg preparations contain antibodies against GAD and AQP4 in titers comparable to those seen in autoimmune patients when tested by ELISA, but not by CBA or tissue immunohistochemistry, suggesting that the autoantibodies within the IVIg are against linear rather than structural epitopes, as part of the natural antibody immune repertoire. The information is clinically important for diagnosis when testing patients' sera after they have received therapy with IVIg to avoid false interpretation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
31673865PMC7007490W2984057080What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.