ArticleToxicology reports2019
Prevalence of aflatoxin, ochratoxin and deoxynivalenol in cereal grains in northern Uganda: Implication for food safety and health.
Article in Toxicology reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Adsorption and detoxification of ochratoxin A using hydrophobic bentonite clay.Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology · 2026Article
- Mycoflora, mycotoxin exposure and cancer risk assessment inToxicology reports · 2026Article
- Microbial and enzymatic biodegradation of aflatoxins and ochratoxins: mechanisms, applications, and emerging innovations.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Protective effect of astilbin against intestinal barrier damage and gut microbiota dysbiosis in zearalenone-intoxicated mice.Mycotoxin research · 2025Article
- Mycotoxins in food and agriculture: from occurrence to economic consequences.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- Insights into the genetic and biochemical basis of Gibberella ear rot resistance in maize.The plant genome · 2025Article
- Aflatoxin exposure and mortality in acutely ill children: results from the CHAIN network cohort.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Environmental Xenobiotics and Epigenetic Modifications: Implications for Human Health and Disease.Journal of xenobiotics · 2025Review
- Article
- Mycotoxins: A comprehensive review of its global trends in major cereals, advancements in chromatographic detections and future prospectives.Food chemistry: X · 2025Review
- Ochratoxin A in food commodities: A review of occurrence, toxicity, and management strategies.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Food safety issues associated with sesame seed value chains: Current status and future perspectives.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Comprehensive Review of Aflatoxin and Ochratoxin A Dynamics: Emergence, Toxicological Impact, and Advanced Control Strategies.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- High-Coverage UHPLC-MS/MS Analysis of 67 Mycotoxins in Plasma for Male Infertility Exposure Studies.Toxics · 2024Article
- Review of the Terminology, Approaches, and Formulations Used in the Guidelines on Quantitative Risk Assessment of Chemical Hazards in Food.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Article
- Mycotoxins in Cereal-Based Products and Their Impacts on the Health of Humans, Livestock Animals and Pets.Toxins · 2023Review
- Genetic Characterization of Fungal Biodiversity in Storage Grains: Towards Enhancing Food Safety in Northern Uganda.Microorganisms · 2021Article
- Incidence and exposure assessment of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in Egyptian wheat.Toxicology reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination of cereals is a significant health risk for humans and animals, particularly in developing countries. To gain insight into food safety related to agricultural practices, we assessed levels of mycotoxin contamination in 105 samples of food grains raised and stored for consumption by rural households in the post-conflict districts of Kitgum and Lamwo in Northern Uganda. Aflatoxin, ochratoxin and deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination was assessed by quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Total aflatoxin in the foods analyzed varied from nd (not detected) to 68.2 μg/Kg. Ochratoxin ranged from 0.1 to 16.4 μg/Kg. DON ranged from nd to 2606 μg/Kg. The mean concentration of total aflatoxins was significantly higher (P = 0.002) in sorghum than in millet, maize and sesame seeds. Frequency of co-occurrence of two mycotoxins ranged from 8.3 to 100%, with the highest being aflatoxin and ochratoxin in sorghum. Co-occurrence of all three mycotoxins ranged from 8.3 to 35.3%, with the highest again being in sorghum. Mean levels of aflatoxins concentration in sorghum samples were 11.8 μg/Kg, exceeding the Ugandan national regulatory limits of 10 μg/Kg. Furthermore, 46.5% of the sorghum consumed in both districts exceeded this limit, and 86.1% of sorghum samples exceeded the European Union (E.U.) maximum tolerable limit of 4 μg/Kg. The Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) and Hazard Indices (HI) values were in the range of 1.2 × 10
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