ArticleRMD open2019
Incidence and prevalence of vaccine preventable infections in adult patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIIRD): a systemic literature review informing the 2019 update of the EULAR recommendations for vaccination in adult patients with AIIRD.
Article in RMD open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06738082 (Influenza Vaccine Elicited Immune Response in Immunocompromised Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 83 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Influenza Vaccine Elicited Immune Response in Immunocompromised Patients
Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for herpes zoster in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Rational approach to the prescription of anti-rheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis: a product leaflet-based strategy in Italy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- American College of Rheumatology Guidance for COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases: Version 3.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2021Guideline
- American College of Rheumatology Guidance for COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases: Version 1.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2021Guideline
- [Recommendations of the German Society for Rheumatology for management of patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases in the context of the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic - Update July 2020].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2020Guideline
- Pooled it
- Trial
- Safety and immunogenicity of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in patients with juvenile dermatomyositis: a real-world multicentre study.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2020Trial
- From awareness to action: Overcoming knowledge gaps and enhancing herpes zoster vaccination counseling among Chinese rheumatologists - Results from a nationwide survey.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Vaccination considerations in autoimmune rheumatic diseases.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Cost-effectiveness of herpes zoster vaccination in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Live attenuated varicella vaccines in patients treated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors: A clinical trial.Medicine · 2026Article
- Herpes Zoster Vaccine Uptake Among United States Adults With Rheumatic Disease: A Mixed-Methods Analysis.ACR open rheumatology · 2026Article
- Vaccination coverage, willingness and determinants of herpes zoster vaccine among individuals aged 50 and above in Ningbo, China: A population-based cross-sectional study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Low vaccination uptake and attitudes towards COVID-19, influenza, and Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccines: a cross-sectional survey of patients with rheumatic diseases.Rheumatology international · 2025Article
- Vaccination Update and Specific Concerns for RA.Current rheumatology reports · 2025Review
- Article
- Lack of knowledge, not vaccine hesitancy, is the main cause of low human papilloma virus vaccination rate among systemic lupus erythematosus patients in Japan after suspension of proactive recommendation: Analysis of a patients' survey.The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2025Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors at 15 institutions in 11 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: The aims of this study were to update the evidence on the incidence and prevalence rates of vaccine preventable infections (VPI) in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIIRD) and compare the data to the general population when available. Methods: A literature search was performed using Medline, Embase and Cochrane library (October 2009 to August 2018). The primary outcome was the incidence or prevalence of VPI in the adult AIIRD population. Meta-analysis was performed when appropriate. Results: Sixty-three publications out of 3876 identified records met the inclusion criteria: influenza (n=4), pneumococcal disease (n=7), hepatitis B (n=10), herpes zoster (HZ) (n=29), human papillomavirus (HPV) infection (n=13). An increased incidence of influenza and pneumococcal disease was reported in patients with AIIRD. HZ infection-pooled incidence rate ratio (IRR) was 2.9 (95% CI 2.4 to 3.3) in patients with AIIRD versus general population. Among AIIRD, inflammatory myositis conferred the highest incidence rate (IR) of HZ (pooled IRR 5.1, 95% CI 4.3 to 5.9), followed by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (pooled IRR 4.0, 95% CI 2.3 to 5.7) and rheumatoid arthritis (pooled IRR 2.3, 95% CI 2.1 to 2.6). HPV infection-pooled prevalence ratio was 1.6, 95% CI 0.7 to 3.4 versus general population, based on studies mainly conducted in the SLE population in Latin America and Asia. Pooled prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B core antibody in patients with AIIRD was similar to the general population, 3%, 95% CI 1% to 5% and 15%, 95% CI 7% to 26%, respectively. Conclusion: Current evidence shows an increased risk of VPI in patients with AIIRD, emphasising that prevention of infections is essential in these patients.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.