Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31671833›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2019

Assessment of Anxiety and Depression in Polish Primary Parental Caregivers of Children with Cerebral Palsy Compared to a Control Group, as well as Identification of Selected Predictors.

Barbara Gugała, Beata Penar-Zadarko, Danuta Pięciak-Kotlarz, Katarzyna Wardak, Aneta Lewicka-Chomont, Magdalena Futyma-Ziaja, Józef Opara

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Barbara GugałaMedical College of Rzeszów University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland. bgugala@ur.edu.pl.ORCID 0000-0001-5807-0595
Beata Penar-ZadarkoMedical College of Rzeszów University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland. beata.penar@yahoo.com.
Danuta Pięciak-KotlarzMedical College of Rzeszów University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland. werhub0@tlen.pl.
Katarzyna WardakMedical College of Rzeszów University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland. wardakk@interia.pl.
Aneta Lewicka-ChomontMedical College of Rzeszów University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland. aneta.lewchom@gmail.com.
Magdalena Futyma-ZiajaMedical College of Rzeszów University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland. magdafutyma@gmail.com.
Józef OparaAcademy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland. jozefopara@wp.pl.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTaking care of a child with Cerebral Palsy (CP) may be linked with adverse effects in the parents' physical and mental health. The causes of anxiety and depression symptoms associated with childcare are still not fully understood.

aimTo assess the intensity of anxiety and depression symptoms in parents of children with CP compared to a control group and to identify selected mental health predictors. DESIGN AND

methodsData were collected from 301 respondents, including 190 parents of children with CP (study group) and 111 parents taking care of children developing normally (control group). Intensity of anxiety and depression was rated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scale. Gross Motor Function Classification System for Cerebral Palsy (GMFCS), Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-29), Berlin Support Social Scales (BSSS) scales and a specially designed questionnaire were used to assess the predictors. The investigated variables included the children's and the parents' characteristics, as well as environmental factors. The analyses applied Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, M(SD) as well as multiple regression.

resultsThe level of anxiety and depression was clearly higher in the parents of children with CP-the mean levels of anxiety and depression in the study group and the controls amounted to 8.1 vs. 4.7 and 6.8 vs. 3.7, respectively. The factors associated with intensity of anxiety and depression in the parents of children with CP included lack of social support, mainly perceived and received support, unsatisfying parental health status, poor economic status of the family, as well as difficult living conditions, sense of coherence, loneliness, the parent's gender, and the child's intellectual disability.

conclusionsIdentification of significant anxiety and depression predictors, understood as modifiable factors, should be considered in determining and planning comprehensive support for a child with CP and his/her primary parental caregiver.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAnxietyCaregiversCase-Control StudiesCerebral PalsyChildChild, PreschoolDepressionFemaleHealth StatusHumansMaleParentsPolandPsychiatric Status Rating Scalesanxietydepressiondeterminantsparents of children with cerebral palsy

Identifiers

PMID31671833
PMCPMC6862674

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.