ArticleChemico-biological interactions2020
Caveats to the use of MTT, neutral red, Hoechst and Resazurin to measure silver nanoparticle cytotoxicity.
Article in Chemico-biological interactions, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Toxicity Evaluation of TiOFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2020Pooled it
- New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) in Alternative Methods: A Comparative Cytotoxicity Analysis of Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite in Adipose Stem Cells Spheroids.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2026Article
- Silver-loaded nanoemulsion of Nepeta glomerulosa extract enhances cytotoxicity and induces apoptosis in A549 and AGS cancer cells.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- Electrospun PVA/PEO/β-CD nanofiber composites incorporating chemically and biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles for enhanced antimicrobial activity.Discover nano · 2026Article
- Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Kedrostis nana (Lam.) Cogn. extracts and its biological activities.Frontiers in chemistry · 2026Article
- Assessing the Toxicity of Metal- and Carbon-Based Nanomaterials In Vitro: Impact on Respiratory, Intestinal, Skin, and Immune Cell Lines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
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- Synergistic Antifungal Interaction betweenAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Myco-Nanofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles byAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Phyto-Assisted Synthesis of Nanoselenium-Surface Modification and Stabilization by Polyphenols and Pectins Derived from Agricultural Wastes.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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- Synthesis, Biological Activity, and Molecular Modelling Studies of Naphthoquinone Derivatives as Promising Anticancer Candidates Targeting COX-2.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- The cytological and electrophysiological effects of silver nanoparticles on neuron-like PC12 cells.PloS one · 2022Article
- The mechanism of cell death induced by silver nanoparticles is distinct from silver cations.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2021Article
- Lack of Detectable Direct Effects of Silver and Silver Nanoparticles on Mitochondria in Mouse Hepatocytes.Environmental science & technology · 2021Article
- DRAQ7 as an Alternative to MTT Assay for Measuring Viability of Glioma Cells Treated With Polyphenols.Anticancer research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The extensive use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in manufactured products will inevitably increase environmental exposure, highlighting the importance of accurate toxicity assessments. A frequent strategy to estimate AgNP cytotoxicity is to use absorbance or fluorescent-based assays. In this study we report that AgNPs - with or without surface functionalizations (polyvinyl pyrrolidone or gum arabic), and of different sizes (2-15 nm) - can interfere with the spectrometric quantification of different dyes commonly used in cytotoxicity assays, such as 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), neutral red (NR), Hoechst, and Resazurin. Some AgNP types caused more interference than others, which was dependent on the assay. Overall most AgNPs caused the direct reduction of MTT, as well as Hoechst and NR fluorescence quenching, and absorbed light at the same wavelength as NR. None of the AgNPs tested caused the direct reduction of Resazurin; however, depending on AgNP characteristics and concentration, they may still promote fluorescence quenching of this dye. Our results show that AgNPs with different size and coatings can interfere with spectroscopy-based assays to different degrees, suggesting that their cytotoxicity may be underestimated or overestimated. We suggest that when using any spectroscopy-based assay it is essential that each individual nanoparticle formulation be tested first for potential interferences at all intended concentrations.
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