Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31668409›Full record

ReviewLancet (London, England)2019

Responding to global stimulant use: challenges and opportunities.

Michael Farrell, Natasha K Martin, Emily Stockings, Annick Bórquez, Javier A Cepeda, Louisa Degenhardt, Robert Ali, Lucy Thi Tran, Jürgen Rehm, Marta Torrens and 2 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · greenAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Lancet (London, England), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 152 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
152citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
17.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

152 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 305 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Guideline
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  4. Pooled it
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  6. Pooled it
  7. Psychosocial interventions for stimulant use disorder.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024
    Pooled it
  8. Disulfiram for the treatment of cocaine dependence.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024
    Pooled it
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  12. Trial
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  20. Exploring cannabidiol effects on inflammatory markers in individuals with cocaine use disorder: a randomized controlled trial.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021
    Trial

92 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 8 institutions in 7 countries.

Michael FarrellNational Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: michael.farrell@unsw.edu.au.
Natasha K MartinDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Emily StockingsNational Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Annick BórquezDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Javier A CepedaDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Louisa DegenhardtNational Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Robert AliDiscipline of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Lucy Thi TranNational Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Jürgen RehmInstitute Mental Health Policy Research & Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Epidemiological Research Unit, Technische Universität Dresden, Klinische Psychologie & Psychotherapie, Dresden, Germany; Department of International Health Projects, Institute for Leadership and Health Management, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Marta TorrensAddiction Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions, Barcelona, Spain.
Steve ShoptawDepartment of Family Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Rebecca McKetinNational Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
UNSW Sydney · AUImperial College London · GBMunicipal Institute for Medical Research · ESUniversity of Adelaide · AUUniversity of California, Los Angeles · USUniversity of California, San Diego · USUniversity of California System · USUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

VirologyP30AI036214 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SONIA JAIN · 1994 to 2026
$78.4M
UCLA Rapid, Relevant, Rigorous Implementation Science HubP30MH058107 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Nina Thawata Harawa · 1997 to 2026
$53.5M
Training Program in Substance Use, HIV and Related InfectionsT32DA023356 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Natasha Martin, Steffanie A Strathdee · 2007 to 2026
$7.8M
Real-time prediction of emerging drug use epidemics in the United StatesDP2DA049295 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI BORQUEZ, ANNICK · 2019 to 2019
$2.4M
Optimizing HIV prevention portfolios targeting people who inject drugs using dynamic economic modelingR01AI147490 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI MARTIN, NATASHA · 2019 to 2022
$2.3M
MODELING THE IMPACT OF A POLICE EDUCATION PROGRAM ON HIV INCIDENCE AMONG PEOPLE WHO INJECT DRUGSK01DA043421 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI CEPEDA, JAVIER · 2017 to 2021
$941k
NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI036214NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI147490NIDA NIH HHS DP2 DA049295NIDA NIH HHS K01 DA043421NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA023356NIMH NIH HHS P30 MH058107
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We did a global review to synthesise data on the prevalence, harms, and interventions for stimulant use, focusing specifically on the use of cocaine and amphetamines. Modelling estimated the effect of cocaine and amphetamine use on mortality, suicidality, and blood borne virus incidence. The estimated global prevalence of cocaine use was 0·4% and amphetamine use was 0·7%, with dependence affecting 16% of people who used cocaine and 11% of those who used amphetamine. Stimulant use was associated with elevated mortality, increased incidence of HIV and hepatitis C infection, poor mental health (suicidality, psychosis, depression, and violence), and increased risk of cardiovascular events. No effective pharmacotherapies are available that reduce stimulant use, and the available psychosocial interventions (except for contingency management) had a weak overall effect. Generic approaches can address mental health and blood borne virus infection risk if better tailored to mitigate the harms associated with stimulant use. Substantial and sustained investment is needed to develop more effective interventions to reduce stimulant use.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAmphetaminesCardiovascular DiseasesCentral Nervous System StimulantsCocaineCocaine-Related DisordersDopamine Uptake InhibitorsFemaleHepatitis CHIV InfectionsHumansIncidenceMaleMental DisordersMiddle AgedAmphetaminesCentral Nervous System StimulantsCocaineDopamine Uptake Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID31668409
PMCPMC6924572
OpenAlexW2981405421

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.