ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2020
Mortality Among Veterans with Major Mental Illnesses Seen in Primary Care: Results of a National Study of Veteran Deaths.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- An Evidence Map of the Women Veterans' Health Literature, 2016 to 2023: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of an integrated mindfulness intervention for veterans with diabetes distress: a randomized controlled trial.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2022Trial
- Beyond the Breath: Improving Interoceptive Awareness & Autonomic Regulation through Trauma-Informed Biofeedback for Veterans.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2026Article
- Risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality, and suicide attempt in people with anxiety and stress-related disorders: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis of 165 studies.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2026Article
- Data linkage studies on veteran suicidality: a scoping review of the field, knowledge gaps and evidence appraisal.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Article
- Psychiatric disorders among older U.S. women by socioeconomic and veteran status.Journal of affective disorders · 2025Article
- The Impact of Military Service on Social Determinants as Predictive Factors for Suicide among Female Veterans.Journal of community health · 2025Article
- Experiences With VA-Purchased Community Care for US Veterans With Mental Health Conditions.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Incidence, STI Screening, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Preexposure Prophylaxis Uptake in United States Veterans With Opioid Use Disorder in Long Island, New York.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Factors Associated With Distress Related to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder at the End of Life Among U.S. Veterans.Journal of pain and symptom management · 2023Observational
- Trauma re-engagement and PTSD in older medically ill veterans: implications for trauma-informed care.Aging & mental health · 2023Article
- Association Between Mental Health Conditions and Outpatient Care Fragmentation: a National Study of Older High-Risk Veterans.Journal of general internal medicine · 2022Article
- Prevalence, Severity and Burden of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Black Men and Women Across the Adult Life span.Journal of aging and health · 2022Article
- Gene expression correlates of advanced epigenetic age and psychopathology in postmortem cortical tissue.Neurobiology of stress · 2021Article
- Repetitive blast mild traumatic brain injury increases ethanol sensitivity in male mice and risky drinking behavior in male combat veterans.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2021Article
- Psychotherapy and depressive symptom trajectories among VA patients: Comparing dose-effect and good-enough level models.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · 2021Article
- Quality of Outpatient Depression Treatment in Patients With Comorbid Substance Use Disorder.The American journal of psychiatry · 2021Article
- Midlife mortality in White non-Hispanic male veterans enrolled in Department of Veterans Affairs primary care, 2003-2014.Heliyon · 2020Article
- Enhancing trauma-informed care for older veterans: clinician perspectives on trauma practices and curricular needs.Gerontology & geriatrics educationArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPremature mortality observed among the mentally ill is largely attributable to chronic illnesses. Veterans seen within Veterans Affairs (VA) have a higher prevalence of mental illness than the general population but there is limited investigation into the common causes of death of Veterans with mental illnesses.
objectiveTo characterize the life expectancy of mentally ill Veterans seen in VA primary care, and to determine the most death rates of combinations of mental illnesses.
designRetrospective cohort study of decedents. SETTING/
participantsVeterans seen in VA primary care clinics between 2000 and 2011 were included. Records from the VA Corporate Data Warehouse (CDW) were merged with death information from the National Death Index. MAIN MEASURES: Mental illnesses were determined using ICD9 codes. Direct standardization methods were used to calculate age-adjusted gender and cause-specific death rates per 1000 deaths for patients with and without depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), substance use disorder (SUD), serious mental illness (SMI), and combinations of those diagnoses. KEY
resultsOf the 1,763,982 death records for Veterans with 1 + primary care visit, 556,489 had at least one mental illness. Heart disease and cancer were the two leading causes of death among Veterans with or without a mental illness, accounting for approximately 1 in 4 deaths. Those with SUD (n = 204,950) had the lowest mean age at time of death (64 ± 12 years). Among men, the death rates were as follows: SUD (55.9/1000); anxiety (49.1/1000); depression (45.1/1000); SMI (40.3/1000); and PTSD (26.2/1000). Among women, death rates were as follows: SUD (55.8/1000); anxiety (36.7/1000); depression (45.1/1000); SMI (32.6/1000); and PTSD (23.1/1000 deaths). Compared to men (10.8/1000) and women (8.7/1000) without a mental illness, these rates were multiple-fold higher in men and in women with a mental illness. A greater number of mental illness diagnoses was associated with higher death rates among men and women (p < 0.0001).
conclusionsVeterans with mental illnesses, particularly those with SUD, and those with multiple diagnoses, had shorter life expectancy than those without a mental illness. Future studies should examine both patient and systemic sources of disparities in providing chronic illness care to Veterans with a mental illness.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.