ArticleNature2019
Human gut bacteria contain acquired interbacterial defence systems.
Article in Nature, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 98 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 160 citations in OpenAlex.
- The type VI secretion system governs strain maintenance in a wild mammalian gut microbiome.eLife · 2026Article
- Microbiome ecology and antibiotic treatment failure: resistance spread, microbial competition and community engineering.Microbial genomics · 2026Review
- Article
- Oral Actinobacteria sense and defend against parasitic epibionts.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Implications of proteome allocation constraints for understanding interbacterial antagonism.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2026Review
- Article
- Specific and broad-spectrum antibacterial effectors of type VI secretion system drive competition ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Metagenomic polymorphic toxin effector and immunity profiling predicts microbiome development and disease-related dysbiosis.mSystems · 2026Article
- An ubiquitous antibacterial toxin from human gut bacteria engenders neonatal colonization advantage.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Antagonism by the type VI secretion system ofProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- The type VI secretion system and associated effector proteins.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- An electron transport complex required in the gut sensitizesProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- The role of mobile genetic elements in adaptation of the microbiota to the dynamic human gut ecosystem.Current opinion in microbiology · 2025Review
- Interbacterial warfare in the human gut: insights from Bacteroidales' perspective.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Lessons from the model gut BacteroidalesJournal of bacteriology · 2025Review
- Serine recombinases are conserved genetic markers of antiphage defense systems.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Genomic profiling and experimental validation of type VI secretion system-associated proteins in Klebsiella.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- T6SS-mediated competition bymSystems · 2025Article
- Deciphering theJournal of bacteriology · 2025Review
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract consists of a dense and diverse microbial community, the composition of which is intimately linked to health. Extrinsic factors such as diet and host immunity are insufficient to explain the constituents of this community, and direct interactions between co-resident microorganisms have been implicated as important drivers of microbiome composition. The genomes of bacteria derived from the gut microbiome contain several pathways that mediate contact-dependent interbacterial antagonism
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.