ReviewPediatric research2020
Preventing disease in the 21st century: early breast milk exposure and later cardiovascular health in premature infants.
Review in Pediatric research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antioxidants, Gut Microbiota, and Cardiovascular Programming: Unraveling a Triad of Early-Life Interactions.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- HDL cholesterol as a mediator of the relationship between breastfeeding and coronary atherosclerosis from a two-step Mendelian randomization analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Maternal diet shapes infant microbiota and defensive capacity against infections in early life via differential human milk composition.EBioMedicine · 2025Observational
- Breastfeeding and Future Cardiovascular, Kidney, and Metabolic Health-A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Breastfeeding and Non-Communicable Diseases: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Human Milk Oligosaccharides: Decoding Their Structural Variability, Health Benefits, and the Evolution of Infant Nutrition.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Human Breast Milk Exosomes: Affecting Factors, Their Possible Health Outcomes, and Future Directions in Dietetics.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Arterial hypertension in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia following surgical repair.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Monitoring the Use of Human Milk, the Ideal Food for Very Low-Birth-Weight Infants-A Narrative Review.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Breastfeeding-Related Health Benefits in Children and Mothers: Vital Organs Perspective.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- The association of maternal food quality score (FQS) with breast milk nutrient content and antioxidant content of infant urine: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- A Mediterranean diet is associated with improved total antioxidant content of human breast milk and infant urine.Nutrition journal · 2023Article
- Differing Impact of Preterm Birth on the Right and Left Atria in Adulthood.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Article
- Interactions among maternal smoking, breastfeeding, and offspring genetic factors on the risk of adult-onset hypertension.BMC medicine · 2022Article
- Understanding the preterm human heart: What do we know so far?Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) · 2022Review
- Acute and chronic cardiac adaptations in adults born preterm.Experimental physiology · 2022Review
- Cardiac Performance in the First Year of Age Among Preterm Infants Fed Maternal Breast Milk.JAMA network open · 2021Article
- Maintaining human milk bank services throughout the COVID-19 pandemic: A global response.Maternal & child nutrition · 2021Article
- Maternal Microbiota, Early Life Colonization and Breast Milk Drive Immune Development in the Newborn.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Maintaining safety and service provision in human milk banking: a call to action in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cardiovascular health of premature infants reaching early adulthood is an area of ongoing research. There is emerging evidence delineating the challenges faced by those individuals. Young adults born premature demonstrate a unique cardiac phenotype characterized by reduced biventricular volume, relatively lower systolic and diastolic function, and a disproportionate increase in muscle mass. This may clinically manifest by an increased risk of cardiovascular incidents, hypertension, and reduced exercise tolerance. Those consequences appear to result from early postnatal cardiac remodeling due to premature birth and associated co-morbidities. Recent evidence suggests that early exposure to breast milk slows down or even arrests those pathophysiological changes, thereby mitigating the long-term adverse effects of premature birth on cardiovascular health. In this review article, we discuss the role of breast milk in preventing early adulthood cardiovascular disease in infants born premature. We explore the emerging evidence and examine the possible mechanistic pathways mediating this phenomenon. Furthermore, we aim to demonstrate the vital role of early breast milk exposure in preventing cardiovascular disease in preterm infants.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.