Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31664919›Full record

ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2019

The ratio of total cholesterol to high density lipoprotein cholesterol and myocardial infarction in Women's health in the Lund area (WHILA): a 17-year follow-up cohort study.

Susanna Calling, Sven-Erik Johansson, Moa Wolff, Jan Sundquist, Kristina Sundquist

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Susanna CallingCenter for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden. susanna.calling@med.lu.se.ORCID 0000-0002-2420-3780
Sven-Erik JohanssonCenter for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden.
Moa WolffCenter for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden.
Jan SundquistCenter for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden.
Kristina SundquistCenter for Primary Health Care Research, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden.

Funding

Neighborhoods and Coronary Disease: Exploring Mechanisms and Improving MethodsR01HL116381 · NHLBI · LUNDS UNIVERSITET · PI SUNDQUIST, KRISTINA · 2014 to 2017
$1.9M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL116381
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIdentifying variables predictive of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in women is important. The use of the ratio of total cholesterol-to-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) is often overlooked. The aim was to study TC/HDL-C in relation to later AMI, in a large sample of women, adjusted for age, educational status, smoking, waist-hip ratio, blood pressure, and neighbourhood socioeconomic status. The hypothesis was that increasing TC/HDL-C is associated with an increased risk of later AMI.

methodsFrom December 1995 to February 2000, 6147 women aged 50-59 years from the Womens' Health in Lund area (WHILA) study in southern Sweden underwent a physical examination, laboratory tests and filled in a questionnaire. The women were followed through national registers for incidence of AMI during a mean follow up of 17 years.

resultsAn increasing TC/HDL-C showed a strong relationship with AMI, with the lowest hazard ratio (HR = 1) in women with a ratio of ≤3.5. The HR for AMI was 1.14 (95% CI: 0.73-1.78) for those with a ratio between 3.5 and 4.0; in those with a ratio between 4.0 and 5.0 the HR for AMI was 1.46 (95% CI: 1.00-2.13) and in those with a ratio > 5.0 the HR was 1.89 (95% CI 1.26-2.82), after adjusting for potential confounding factors.

conclusionsTC/HDL-C ratio is a powerful predictor of AMI in middle-aged women. The results indicate that this variable should be used in clinical practice and is important for early identification of individuals at risk of AMI.

Indexed as

Women's HealthBiomarkersCholesterolCholesterol, HDLDyslipidemiasFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSwedenBiomarkersCholesterolCholesterol, HDLCardiovascular diseases, womenCholesterol, HDLHyperlipidemiasLipoproteinsMyocardial infarction

Identifiers

PMID31664919
PMCPMC6821014

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.