ArticleBMC medical research methodology2019
Unweighted regression models perform better than weighted regression techniques for respondent-driven sampling data: results from a simulation study.
Article in BMC medical research methodology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers.
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Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Unintended Pregnancy and Pregnancy Awareness among Female Sex Workers in Sri Lanka: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Studies in family planning · 2026Article
- HIV and Syphilis Seroprevalence and Correlates of HIV-Syphilis Co-infection Among Black and Latina Women of Transgender Experience and Transfeminine People in Los Angeles County, 2023-2024.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Brief Report: Disparities in PrEP Use Among HIV-Negative Black and Latina Women of Transgender Experience and Transfeminine People in Los Angeles County from 2019 to 2020 to 2023-2024.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- HIV Testing Service Utilization Among Transgender Communities: Insights from a Respondent-Driven Sampling Survey in India.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Trends in HCV Prevalence and Risk Factors Among People who Inject Drugs in Los Angeles County, 2012-2024.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Prevalence of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infection among transgender women in Brazil: A multicenter study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- HIV Prevalence and Related Factors among Female Sex Workers in Iran: Findings of a Nationwide Bio-Behavioral Survey, 2023-2024.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Article
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- Patterns of Felt Stigma Among Rural-Dwelling People Who Use Drugs: A Latent Class Analysis.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
- Hepatitis C virus infection and co-infection with HIV among persons who inject drugs in 10 U.S. cities-National HIV Behavioral Surveillance, 2018.The International journal on drug policy · 2025Article
- Benzodiazepines and Opioid co-use Among Rural People Who Use Drugs: Findings From the Rural Opioid Initiative.Substance use & addiction journal · 2025Article
- Beyond Education and Contraceptive Use: Do Caste, Ethnicity, and Religion Influence Fertility Behavior in Nepal? Evidence from Six Rounds of DHS.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Traumatic events exposure in men who have sex with men with and without experience of displacement in Ukraine.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Homosexuality stigma and HIV risk behaviors among HIV-negative men who have sex with men in Vietnam.AIDS care · 2025Article
- Measuring Network Sizes in the Context of Respondent Driven Sampling: Evidence from Two Independent Surveys.Survey research methods · 2025Article
- Engagement in hepatitis C virus cascade of care and factors associated with testing among people who inject drugs in Iran.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIt is unclear whether weighted or unweighted regression is preferred in the analysis of data derived from respondent driven sampling. Our objective was to evaluate the validity of various regression models, with and without weights and with various controls for clustering in the estimation of the risk of group membership from data collected using respondent-driven sampling (RDS).
methodsTwelve networked populations, with varying levels of homophily and prevalence, based on a known distribution of a continuous predictor were simulated using 1000 RDS samples from each population. Weighted and unweighted binomial and Poisson general linear models, with and without various clustering controls and standard error adjustments were modelled for each sample and evaluated with respect to validity, bias and coverage rate. Population prevalence was also estimated.
resultsIn the regression analysis, the unweighted log-link (Poisson) models maintained the nominal type-I error rate across all populations. Bias was substantial and type-I error rates unacceptably high for weighted binomial regression. Coverage rates for the estimation of prevalence were highest using RDS-weighted logistic regression, except at low prevalence (10%) where unweighted models are recommended.
conclusionsCaution is warranted when undertaking regression analysis of RDS data. Even when reported degree is accurate, low reported degree can unduly influence regression estimates. Unweighted Poisson regression is therefore recommended.
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