ReviewTraffic (Copenhagen, Denmark)2020
Digestive exophagy: Phagocyte digestion of objects too large for phagocytosis.
Review in Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Microglial response to sleep deprivation depends on the hippocampal region and paradigm used in adult male mice.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Proteomic Profiling of Alveolar Macrophages Identifies Loss of Lysosomal Content as an Indicator of Nanofiber-Induced Frustrated Phagocytosis.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- A mechanistic hypothesis: osteopathic manipulative therapy may modulate immune cell function in chronic low back pain.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Quantifying the fitness contribution of phagocytosis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Biopersistence of man-made vitreous fibres (MMVF) / synthetic vitreous fibres (SVF): advancing from animal models to acellular testing.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2025Review
- High-Content Microscopy Drug Screening Platform for Regulators of the Extracellular Digestion of Lipoprotein Aggregates by Macrophages.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Article
- Sex chromosomes and sex hormones differently shape microglial properties during normal physiological conditions in the adult mouse hippocampus.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Microglia degrade Alzheimer's amyloid-beta deposits extracellularly via digestive exophagy.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Signaling pathways regulating the extracellular digestion of lipoprotein aggregates by macrophages.Molecular biology of the cell · 2024Article
- Digestive exophagy of biofilms by intestinal amoeba and its impact on stress tolerance and cytotoxicity.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2023Article
- The formation and consequences of cholesterol-rich deposits in atherosclerotic lesions.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- Single-cell transcriptomics of the ventral posterolateral nucleus-enriched thalamic regions from HSV-1-infected mice reveal a novel microglia/microglia-like transcriptional response.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Inflammatory Factors Driving Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression New Insights.Journal of translational internal medicine · 2022Article
- Maternal high-fat diet in mice induces cerebrovascular, microglial and long-term behavioural alterations in offspring.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Microglia are involved in phagocytosis and extracellular digestion during Zika virus encephalitis in young adult immunodeficient mice.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- Maternal high-fat diet modifies myelin organization, microglial interactions, and results in social memory and sensorimotor gating deficits in adolescent mouse offspring.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Metabolic Consequences of Efferocytosis and its Impact on Atherosclerosis.Immunometabolism · 2021Article
- Heterogeneity and Actin Cytoskeleton in Osteoclast and Macrophage Multinucleation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Microglial and peripheral immune priming is partially sexually dimorphic in adolescent mouse offspring exposed to maternal high-fat diet.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2020Article
- Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome by Particles from the Echinococcus granulosus Laminated Layer.Infection and immunity · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Mammalian phagocytes carry out several essential functions, including killing and digesting infectious organisms, clearing denatured proteins, removing dead cells and removing several types of debris from the extracellular space. Many of these functions involve phagocytosis, the engulfment of a target in a specialized endocytic process and then fusion of the new phagosome with lysosomes. Phagocytes such as macrophages can phagocytose targets that are several micrometers in diameter (eg, dead cells), but in some cases they encounter much larger objects. We have studied two such examples in some detail: large deposits of lipoproteins such as those in the wall of blood vessels associated with atherosclerosis, and dead adipocytes, which are dozens of micrometers in diameter. We describe a process, which we call digestive exophagy, in which macrophages create a tight seal in contact with the target, acidify the sealed zone and secrete lysosomal contents into the contact zone. By this process, hydrolysis by lysosomal enzymes occurs in a compartment that is outside the cell. We compare this process to the well characterized digestion of bone by osteoclasts, and we point out key similarities and differences.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.