ArticlePsychological medicine2021
Empirically defining treatment response and remission in body dysmorphic disorder.
Article in Psychological medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed.
- Developmentally Tailored Telehealth-Delivered Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy for Adolescents with Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A Multiple Baseline Design.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2026Trial
- Predicting response to a smartphone-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for body dysmorphic disorder.Journal of affective disorders · 2024Trial
- Impact of sleep disruption on BDD symptoms and treatment response.Journal of affective disorders · 2024Trial
- Predictors of pharmacotherapy outcomes for body dysmorphic disorder: a machine learning approach.Psychological medicine · 2023Trial
- Acceptance and Compassion-Based Therapy Targeting Shame in Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A Multiple Baseline Study.Behavior modification · 2023Trial
- Pilot study of single-dose psilocybin for serotonin reuptake inhibitor-resistant body dysmorphic disorder.Journal of psychiatric research · 2023Trial
- Efficacy of App-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Body Dysmorphic Disorder with Coach Support: Initial Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.Psychotherapy and psychosomatics · 2022Trial
- Article
- Psychedelics and the Serotonin Hypothesis of Eating Disorders.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- An examination of symptoms, function and quality of life as conjoint clinical outcome domains for treatment-resistant depression.Journal of mood and anxiety disorders · 2025Article
- Long-term outcomes of smartphone-delivered cognitive behavior therapy for body dysmorphic disorder: A one-year naturalistic follow-up.Internet interventions · 2025Article
- Case Report: Physiological and psychological underpinnings of muscle dysmorphia using EEG, GSR, and eye-tracking.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Body dysmorphic disorder.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2024Review
- Advancing Psychosocial Treatment for Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A State-of-the-Science Review.Behavior therapy · 2024Review
- Self-focused brain predictors of cognitive behavioral therapy response in a transdiagnostic sample.Journal of psychiatric research · 2024Article
- Time to Response in Therapy for Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A Comparison of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Supportive Psychotherapy.Behavior therapy · 2024Article
- Therapist-guided, Internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy for adolescents with body dysmorphic disorder: A feasibility trial with long-term follow-up.Internet interventions · 2023Article
- Psychometric Evaluation of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder for Adolescents (BDD-YBOCS-A).Child psychiatry and human development · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of Internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD-NET) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD-NET) in the Swedish public health system using the RE-AIM implementation framework.Internet interventions · 2023Article
- A conceptual framework on body representations and their relevance for mental disorders.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe number of clinical trials in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) has steadily increased in recent years. As the number of studies grows, it is important to define the most empirically useful definitions for response and remission in order to enhance field-wide consistency and comparisons of treatment outcomes across studies. In this study, we aim to operationally define treatment response and remission in BDD.
methodWe pooled data from three randomized controlled trials of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) for BDD (combined n = 153) conducted at four academic sites in Sweden, the USA, and England. Using signal detection methods, we examined the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale modified for BDD (BDD-YBOCS) score that most reliably identified patients who responded to CBT and those who achieved remission from BDD symptoms at the end of treatment.
resultsA BDD-YBOCS reduction ⩾30% was most predictive of treatment response as defined by the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) - Improvement scale (sensitivity 0.89, specificity 0.91, 91% correctly classified). At post-treatment, a BDD-YBOCS score ⩽16 was the best predictor of full or partial symptom remission (sensitivity 0.85, specificity 0.99, 97% correctly classified), defined by the CGI - Severity scale.
conclusionBased on these results, we propose conceptual and operational definitions of response and full or partial remission in BDD. A consensus regarding these constructs will improve the interpretation and comparison of future clinical trials, as well as improve communication among researchers, clinicians, and patients. Further research is needed, especially regarding definitions of full remission, recovery, and relapse.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.