ArticlePloS one2019
An automatic approach for classification and categorisation of lip morphological traits.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advancement in Human Face Prediction Using DNA.Genes · 2023Pooled it
- The Modified Cupid's Bow Lips: A Dominant Aesthetic Trend in Lip Augmentation-A Clinical and Statistical Analysis.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2026Article
- Instagram vs Reality: Assessment of the Representation of Lip Aesthetic Subtypes on Social Media Using the Lip Classification of Tubercles System.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Correlation of Lip Shapes and Arch Forms in Primary Dentition of Children between 3-6 Years of Age: A Cross-sectional Study.International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry · 2024Article
- Applying an automated method of classifying lip morphological traits.Journal of orthodontics · 2022Observational
- The effect of maternal smoking and alcohol consumption on lip morphology.Journal of orthodontics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Classification of facial traits (e.g., lip shape) is an important area of medical research, for example, in determining associations between lip traits and genetic variants which may lead to a cleft lip. In clinical situations, classification of facial traits is usually performed subjectively directly on the individual or recorded later from a three-dimensional image, which is time consuming and prone to operator errors. The present study proposes, for the first time, an automatic approach for the classification and categorisation of lip area traits. Our approach uses novel three-dimensional geometric features based on surface curvatures measured along geodesic paths between anthropometric landmarks. Different combinations of geodesic features are analysed and compared. The effect of automatically identified categories on the face is visualised using a partial least squares method. The method was applied to the classification and categorisation of six lip shape traits (philtrum, Cupid's bow, lip contours, lip-chin, and lower lip tone) in a large sample of 4747 faces of normal British Western European descents. The proposed method demonstrates correct automatic classification rate of up to 90%.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.