ArticleBritish journal of pharmacology2020
Beclomethasone dipropionate, formoterol fumarate and glycopyrronium bromide: Synergy of triple combination therapy on human airway smooth muscle ex vivo.
Article in British journal of pharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05114434 (EFfect of FIxed Triple Beclometasone/Formoterol/Glycopyrronium Therapy on Cough effiCAcy in Moderate to Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 31 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
EFfect of FIxed Triple Beclometasone/Formoterol/Glycopyrronium Therapy on Cough effiCAcy in Moderate to Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patiEnts: EFFICACE
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Real-World Effectiveness of Triple Extrafine Fixed-Dose Combination with Beclomethasone/Formoterol/Glycopyrronium on Symptoms and Lung Function in COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025Pooled it
- The Impact of Corticosteroids on Human Airway Smooth Muscle Contractility and Airway Hyperresponsiveness: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Different inhaled corticosteroid doses in triple therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Single inhaler triple therapy (SITT) in asthma: Systematic review and practice implications.Allergy · 2022Pooled it
- The Impact of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists on Airway Inflammation: A Systematic Review.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseasePooled it
- Efficacy of Aclidinium Bromide According to Baseline Therapy: Post-Hoc Analysis of ASCENT-COPD Randomized Trial.Advances in therapy · 2021Trial
- Single-Inhaler Triple Therapy (SITT) for COPD: An Italian expert opinion paper on improving clinical outcomes and equity of therapeutic access.Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine · 2026Article
- Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonists for the Treatment of Difficult-to-Treat and Severe Asthma: A Narrative Review Focusing on Inflammation from Bench to Bedside.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Single Inhaler Triple Therapy with Beclometasone/ Formoterol/ Glycopyrronium in Moderate to Severe Asthma: TriMaximize Study.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2026Article
- Real-Life Efficacy of Single-Inhaler Triple Therapy with Budesonide/Glycopyrronium/Formoterol Fumarate in Persistent COPD Users: A Retrospective Database Study.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Steady Quiet Asthma Without Biologics: One-Year Outcomes of Single-Inhaler Triple Therapy for Severe Asthma with Small Airway Dysfunction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Challenges Pertaining to the Optimization of Therapy and the Management of Asthma-Results from the 2023 EU-LAMA Survey.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Exploring the role of sex in asthma and COPD pharmacological treatment.Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery · 2025Review
- Triple Therapy in COPD in Real Life: Is It Better to Use Single or Multiple Inhalers?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Inhalational Drug Devices: Revisiting the Linchpin of Asthma Management.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Precision cut lung slices: an integrated ex vivo model for studying lung physiology, pharmacology, disease pathogenesis and drug discovery.Respiratory research · 2024Review
- Managing Small Airway Disease in Patients with Severe Asthma: Transitioning from the "Silent Zone" to Achieving "Quiet Asthma".Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Might It Be Appropriate to Anticipate the Use of Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonists in Asthma?Drugs · 2023Article
- Current and future developments in the pharmacology of asthma and COPD: ERS seminar, Naples 2022.Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2023Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background and purposeCombining inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs), long-acting β EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Human passively sensitized airways and bronchi from COPD donors were stimulated with histamine or carbachol. Tissues were incubated overnight with beclomethasone and then treated with formoterol and glycopyrronium, alone or in triple combination. The interaction was assessed by using Bliss Independence and Unified Theory theorems. KEY
resultsBeclomethasone/formoterol/glycopyrronium combination synergistically relaxed medium bronchi and small airways. Beclomethasone/formoterol/glycopyrronium combination at 100:6:12.5 combination ratio was a balanced drug mixture leading to very strong synergistic effect on relaxation of medium bronchi (Combination Index: from 0.042 to 0.96) and middle to very strong synergy in small airways (Combination Index: from 0.018 to 0.310). The synergy was related with the activation of intracellular glucocorticoid receptors and G
conclusionTriple beclomethasone/formoterol/glycopyrronium combination induces synergistic bronchorelaxant effect in medium and small human airways, at least in ex vivo experiments. Further research is needed to confirm these findings in clinical studies in patients with asthma or COPD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.