ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2019
The Effect of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation on the Vaginal Microbiome in HIV-Infected Women.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Persistence of Bacterial Dysbiosis, Cervicovaginal Human Papillomaviruses, and Inflammation in Women Living With HIV-1 After a Year of Antiretroviral Therapy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- Inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface: a perspective on interacting risk factors for preterm birth in sub-Saharan African women living with HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The female microbiome in HIV prevention, pathogenesis, and treatment.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2026Review
- Longitudinal cervicovaginal bacteriome and virome alterations associate with discordant shedding and ART duration in women living with HIV in Peru.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Effect of initiation of antiretroviral drugs for HIV prevention or treatment on the vaginal microbiome of pregnant women in Malawi.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Use of an Ethinyl Estradiol/Etonogestrel Vaginal Ring Alters Vaginal Microbial Communities in Women With HIV.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Analyzing Cervical Microbiome Composition in HIV-Infected Women with Different HPV Infection Profiles: A Pilot Study in Thailand.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- The vaginal microbiota of women living with HIV on suppressive antiretroviral therapy and its relation to high-risk human papillomavirus infection.BMC microbiology · 2023Article
- The Microbiome-Immune Axis Therapeutic Effects in Cancer Treatments.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2022Review
- Tissue Microbiome Associated With Human Diseases by Whole Transcriptome Sequencing and 16S Metagenomics.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation on the vaginal microbiome is unknown. This is of particular importance among women living in sub-Saharan Africa. Understanding this relationship could help elucidate if and how the host immune system interacts with the vaginal microbiome.
methodsThe vaginal microbiome of HIV-1/HSV-2-coinfected women (n = 92) in Uganda was evaluated from self-collected vaginal swabs 1 month pre-ART and at 4 and 6 months post-ART initiation. The vaginal microbiome was characterized by 16S rRNA gene-based sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Vaginal community state types (CSTs) were identified using proportional abundance data. Changes in microbiome composition were assessed with permutational analyses of variance (PerMANOVA).
resultsFive vaginal CSTs were identified, which varied significantly by bacterial load (
conclusionsThe vaginal microbiome of HIV-infected women was not affected by the initiation of ART or immune reconstitution in this observational study. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of ART treatment on the vaginal microbiome.
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