ArticlePreventive medicine reports2019
A characterization of sun protection attitudes and behaviors among children and adolescents in the United States.
Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of planned visual education on university students' attitudes and beliefs regarding skin cancer: a cluster-randomized controlled trial.Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina · 2025Trial
- Public sunscreen dispensers and sun-protective behaviours: an observational study in Toronto, Canada.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Sun Exposure and Protection Practices Among Youths in Canada.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Sun protection behaviors and knowledge of skin cancer and sun exposure among Emirati undergraduate students.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Indoor tanning is associated with substance use behaviors among adolescents.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Global burden of skin cancer and its subtypes: a comprehensive analysis from 1990 to 2021 with projections to 2040.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Development of a transtheoretical model for the prevention and treatment of skin disease through ultraviolet protection based on 14,681 samples of outpatient clinics and a cross-sectional survey.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Sun protection knowledge and behaviors of agricultural workers in Turkey: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Predictors of sunscreen use in United States high-school students.Skin health and disease · 2024Article
- Protocol for a cluster-randomized trial of a school-based skin cancer preventive intervention for adolescents.Contemporary clinical trials · 2024Article
- Review
- Sun protection behaviors among children aged 6-18 years old, the role of socioeconomic factors: A cross-sectional study.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Attitudes, Behaviors, and Risks of Sun Protection to Prevent Skin Cancer Amongst Children, Adolescents, and Adults.Cureus · 2023Review
- Designing a Social Marketing-Based Intervention to Promote Sun-protective Behaviors among Urban Adolescent Boys: A Study Protocol.International journal of community based nursing and midwifery · 2022Article
- Investigation on the Awareness and Behavior of Primary School Students on Sunscreen Use in Beijing.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2022Article
- Associations between ultraviolet radiation, tree cover and adolescent sunburns.International journal of health geographics · 2020Article
- The Potential of Ultraviolet Radiation Meters in Secondary Schools as a Sun Protection Intervention Mechanism for Adolescents.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Children and adolescents may be vulnerable to increased ultraviolet radiation exposure and greater risk for subsequent sun-related pathologies. This study examined the demographic, geographic, and phenotypic factors influencing sun exposure and protective behaviors among children and adolescents living in the United States. A cross-sectional survey on perceived sun exposure and protective behaviors was administered at three sports medicine clinics in California, Colorado, and Hawaii. Responses were measured with a 5-item frequency scale: Never, Rarely (25% of the time or less), Sometimes (50% of the time), Often (75% of the time or more), and Always. Sun protective behavior was examined using univariate and multivariate analyses. In total, 860 surveys were collected (52% female, 48% male; mean age 12.7 years). Females reported significantly greater frequency of using sunscreen (p = 0.001), staying in the shade or using an umbrella while in the sun (p = 0.004), and tanning (p < 0.001). Age was inversely associated with sunscreen use frequency (p < 0.001); the percentage of participants who reported always wearing sunscreen decreased as age increased. Participants in Hawaii reported using sunscreen less frequently than those in California and Colorado (p < 0.001). These results identify high-risk populations such as males, older adolescents, and Hawaii's youth who may not be practicing frequent sun protective behaviors. While it is important for youth to stay active, they must also be reminded to adopt protective behaviors while outdoors to prevent unnecessary sun damage and lower the risk of sun exposure complications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.