ArticleNature neuroscience2019
Stem-cell-derived human microglia transplanted in mouse brain to study human disease.
Article in Nature neuroscience, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 190 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
190 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 288 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between FDG- and TSPO-PET signals across human and animal studies investigating neurodegenerative conditions: a systematic review.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Translational modelling of human microglia from cultures to chimeras.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Microglial states revisited: from homeostasis to disease.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Metabolic reprogramming of microglia: Effects on development, disease, and therapeutic potential.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Tutorial: interrogating biology using organoid technologies.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- APOE3 and APOE4 human astrocytes differentially modulate Alzheimer's disease pathology and microglial responses in chimeric mice.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Reshaping the immune landscape: next-generation microglia-targeted therapies for Alzheimer's disease.Biological research · 2026Review
- Protocol to generate microglia-containing cerebral organoids to model HIV neuroinflammation.STAR protocols · 2026Article
- Considerations for the selection and phenotyping of mouse models for the study of Alzheimer's disease.STAR protocols · 2026Review
- Microchimerism in the Human Brain, Quantitative Assessment and Single Nuclei Profiling Establish Cell Types and Diversity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Impaired lipoprotein secretion by APOE4 leads to lysosomal and mitochondrial dysfunction in human microglia.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- MEF2C controls lysosomal and lipid clearance programs linked to Alzheimer's disease risk in macrophages.Research square · 2026Article
- Immune response to adeno-associated viral vectors in a human iPSC-derived microglia chimeric mouse model.Cell reports methods · 2026Article
- A scalable human-zebrafish xenotransplantation model reveals gastrosome-mediated processing of dying neurons by human microglia.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Neurogenin-2 Reprograms Human Microglial Lineage Cells into Neurons In Vitro and in Chimeric Brains.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Replacing the immune system of the brain.eLife · 2026Article
- Phagocytes as plaque catalysts: Human macrophages generate seeding-competent Aβ42 fibrils with cross-seeding activity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Microglia-associated progression of multiple sclerosis: target identification and therapeutic engagement in human in vitro models.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Chimeric brain models to study human glial-neuronal and macroglial-microglial interactions.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Exploring retinal microglia: development, degeneration, and iPSC-derived model systems.Brain structure & function · 2026Review
130 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Although genetics highlights the role of microglia in Alzheimer's disease, one-third of putative Alzheimer's disease risk genes lack adequate mouse orthologs. Here we successfully engraft human microglia derived from embryonic stem cells in the mouse brain. The cells recapitulate transcriptionally human primary microglia ex vivo and show expression of human-specific Alzheimer's disease risk genes. Oligomeric amyloid-β induces a divergent response in human versus mouse microglia. This model can be used to study the role of microglia in neurological diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.