Trial reportJournal of athletic training2019
Cooling of Lower Extremity Muscles According to Subcutaneous Tissue Thickness.
Trial report in Journal of athletic training, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- A randomised crossover trial of five cryocompression devices' ability to reduce skin temperature of the knee.PloS one · 2024Trial
- The cold truth: the role of cryotherapy in the treatment of injury and recovery from exercise.European journal of applied physiology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextWhen using an ice bag, previous researchers recommended cooling times based on the amount of subcutaneous tissue. Unfortunately, many clinicians are unaware of these recommendations or whether they can be applied to other muscles.
objectiveTo examine if muscles of the lower extremity cool similarly based on recommended cooling times.
designCrossover study.
settingAthletic training laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER
participantsFourteen healthy participants volunteered (8 men, 6 women; age = 21.1 ± 2.2 years, height = 174.2 ± 4.5 cm, weight = 74.0 ± 7.5 kg). INTERVENTION(S): Subcutaneous tissue thickness was measured at the largest girth of the thigh, medial gastrocnemius, and medial hamstring. Participants were randomized to have either the rectus femoris or medial gastrocnemius and medial hamstring tested first. Using sterile techniques, the examiner inserted a thermocouple 1 cm into the muscle after accounting for subcutaneous tissue thickness. After the temperature stabilized, a 750-g ice bag was applied for 10 to 60 minutes to the area(s) for the recommended length of time based on subcutaneous adipose thickness (0 to 5 mm [10 minutes]; 5.5 to 10 mm (25 minutes]; 10.5 to 15 mm [40 minutes]; 15.5 to 20 mm [60 minutes)]. After the ice bag was removed, temperature was monitored for 30 minutes. At least 1 week later, each participant returned to complete testing of the other muscle(s). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Intramuscular temperature (°C) at baseline, end of treatment time (0 minutes), and posttreatment recovery (10, 20, and 30 minutes postintervention).
resultsAt the end of treatment, temperature did not differ by subcutaneous tissue thickness (10 minutes = 29.0°C ± 3.8°C, 25 minutes = 28.7°C ± 3.2°C, 40 minutes = 28.7°C ± 6.0°C, 60 minutes = 30.0°C ± 2.9°C) or muscle (rectus femoris = 30.1°C ± 3.8°C, gastrocnemius = 28.6°C ± 5.4°C, hamstrings = 28.1°C ± 2.5°C). No significant interaction was present for subcutaneous tissue thickness or muscle (
conclusionsLower extremity muscles seemed to cool similarly based on the recommended cooling times for subcutaneous tissue thickness. Clinicians should move away from standardized treatment times and adjust the amount of cooling time by ice-bag application based on subcutaneous tissue thickness.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.