Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31657021›Full record

Trial reportJournal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines2020

A family-centered prevention ameliorates the associations of low self-control during childhood with employment income and poverty status in young African American adults.

Gene H Brody, Tianyi Yu, Gregory E Miller, Edith Chen

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Childhood self-control forecasts the pace of midlife aging and preparedness for old age.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Gene H BrodyCenter for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2244-6797
Tianyi YuCenter for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Gregory E MillerDepartment of Psychology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Edith ChenDepartment of Psychology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.

Funding

RURAL AFRICAN AMERICAN YOUNG ADULTS' PATHWAYS TO PSYCHOSOCIAL AND PHYSICAL HEALTHR01HD030588 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA (UGA) · PI EHRLICH, KATHERINE BABCOCK · 1993 to 2023
$12.0M
Vulnerability to Drug Use & HIV: Advancing Prevention for Rural African AmericansP30DA027827 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA · PI BRODY, GENE H. · 2009 to 2018
$10.2M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD030588NIDA NIH HHS P30 DA027827
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveChildren with low self-control who grow up in poverty are at elevated risk for living in poverty when they are adults. The purpose of this study was to further understanding of the intergenerational continuity of poverty by (a) examining the likelihood that children with low levels of self-control at age 11 earn less employment income and are more likely to live in poverty 14 years later, at age 25; and (b) determining, via a preventive intervention, whether enhancing supportive parenting during childhood will ameliorate these associations.

methodsParents and their 11-year-old children from 381 families participated in the Strong African American Families (SAAF) program or a control condition. Teachers assessed children's self-control at 11 years; parents reported their use of supportive parenting when children were 11 and 13 years; emerging adults provided data on cognitive and emotional self-control at 19, 20, and 21 years; and young adults indicated their employment income at 25 years.

resultsSignificant two-way interactions were detected between children's self-control and prevention condition for employment income (b = -183.18, 95% CI [-363.82, -2.53], p < .05) and poverty status (b = 0.257, 95% CI [0.018, 0.497], p < .05). Low self-control at age 11 forecast less employment income and a greater likelihood of living in poverty among children in the control condition, but not among low self-control SAAF participants. Mediated moderation analyses confirmed that enhanced supportive parenting accounted for SAAF's effects on employment income (indirect effect = 63.057, 95% BCA [19.385, 124.748]) and poverty status (indirect effect = -0.071, 95% BCA [-0.165, -0.016]).

conclusionsThis study is unique in using a randomized controlled trial to show that preventive interventions designed to enhance parenting and strengthen families can buffer the long-term economic consequences of low self-control.

Indexed as

IncomePovertyPsychology, ChildAdolescentAdultBlack or African AmericanChildEmploymentFemaleHumansMaleParentingParentsSelf-ControlYoung AdultAfrican AmericanParent-child relationspreventive interventionself-control

Identifiers

PMID31657021
PMCPMC7078058

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.