ArticleHealth services research2019
Discrimination in the United States: Experiences of Native Americans.
Article in Health services research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 159 citations in OpenAlex.
- Health and Wellness Impacts of Traditional Physical Activity Experiences on Indigenous Youth: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Concurrent alcohol and smoking use among American Indian and Alaska Native adults participating in a contingency management clinical trial for alcohol use disorder.Frontiers in public health · 2026Trial
- Colorectal Cancer Screening Materials for Tribal Communities in the Great Plains and Washington State: Application of Boot Camp Translation.The Permanente journal · 2026Article
- Health Information Seeking Behavior Among American Indian and Alaska Native Peoples.American journal of health promotion : AJHP · 2026Article
- "Am I Not Native Enough?" A Qualitative Exploration of Experienced Discrimination Among American Indian/Alaska Native Emerging Adults.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Healthcare discrimination, healthcare avoidance, and self-rated health in a sample of American Indians with type 2 diabetes.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Article
- The relationship between neighborhood disadvantage and markers of chronic pain risk: Findings from the Oklahoma Study of Native American Pain Risk (OK-SNAP).The journal of pain · 2025Article
- COVID-19 Disease and Chronic Health Outcomes Associated with Nicotine Use in a Great Plains Tribal Community: A Community-Based Study.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Depressive symptoms and work in Indigenous people.Journal of affective disorders · 2025Article
- How Education Shapes Indigenous Health Inequalities in the USA and Mexico.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Using intensive longitudinal assessment to study mechanisms of the Native American pain inequity among persons experiencing depression and/or anxiety: The role of interpersonal discrimination and stress.The journal of pain · 2025Article
- "Understand the Way We Walk Our Life": Indigenous Patients' Experiences and Recommendations for Healthcare in the United States.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Disparities between Native Americans and Whites in trajectories of functional independence and life satisfaction over the 5 years after traumatic brain injury.Rehabilitation psychology · 2025Article
- Disparities in infectious disease-related health care utilization between Medicaid-enrolled American Indians and non-Hispanic Whites-Lessons from the first 16 months of coronavirus disease 2019 and a decade of flu seasons.Health services research · 2025Article
- Microaggressions and Cultural Ruptures in Psychiatry: Extending Multicultural Counseling Orientation to Psychiatric Services.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2025Review
- Community-Based Screening Events to Increase Lung Cancer Screening in an Urban AI/AN Clinic.Journal of health care for the poor and underserved · 2025Article
- Relationships among discrimination, cognitive-affective pain amplifiers, and identification with Native American culture: results from the Oklahoma Study of Native American Pain Risk.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Results of a Culturally Tailored Advance Care Planning Intervention for American Indian Peoples: A Quasi-Experimental Waitlist-Controlled Trial.Innovation in aging · 2025Article
- Article
- Investigating the Role of Place of Residence in the Relationship between Discrimination and Mental Health in American Indian Adults.American Indian and Alaska native mental health research (Online) · 2025Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine reported racial discrimination and harassment against Native Americans, which broadly contribute to poor health outcomes. DATA SOURCE AND STUDY
designData come from a nationally representative, probability-based telephone survey including 342 Native American and 902 white US adults, conducted January-April 2017.
methodsWe calculated the percent of Native Americans reporting discrimination in several domains, including health care. We used logistic regression to compare the Native American-white difference in odds of discrimination and conducted exploratory analyses among Native Americans only to examine variation by socioeconomic and geographic/neighborhood characteristics. PRINCIPAL
findingsMore than one in five Native Americans (23 percent) reported experiencing discrimination in clinical encounters, while 15 percent avoided seeking health care for themselves or family members due to anticipated discrimination. A notable share of Native Americans also reported they or family members have experienced violence (38 percent) or have been threatened or harassed (34 percent). In adjusted models, Native Americans had higher odds than whites of reporting discrimination across several domains, including health care and interactions with the police/courts. In exploratory analyses, the association between geographic/neighborhood characteristics and discrimination among Native Americans was mixed.
conclusionsDiscrimination and harassment are widely reported by Native Americans across multiple domains of their lives, regardless of geographic or neighborhood context. Native Americans report major disparities compared to whites in fair treatment by institutions, particularly with health care and police/courts. Results suggest modern forms of discrimination and harassment against Native Americans are systemic and untreated problems.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.