ArticleMolecular cancer2019
Exosomal miR-21 regulates the TETs/PTENp1/PTEN pathway to promote hepatocellular carcinoma growth.
Article in Molecular cancer, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 119 papers.
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Who cites it
119 citing papers in PubMed, 176 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and Their Derived Extracellular Vesicles: a Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Autoimmune Hepatitis.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Exosomal miR-373-3p Derived from Docetaxel-Resistant Lung Cancer Cells Targets PDCD4 to Promote Proliferation and Inhibit Apoptosis in Lung Cancer Cells.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Application Strategies of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Bone-Related Diseases.Cell proliferation · 2026Review
- Tumor exosomes impact functional hallmarks of cancer.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicles in Liver Disease: Redefining Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of stem cells · 2026Review
- Cancer neuroscience: signaling pathways and new therapeutic strategies for cancer.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Epigenetic modulation of CTCs as a novel therapeutic target in oncology.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Review
- The Role of miRNA-21 in the Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma as a Therapeutic Target.International journal of hematology-oncology and stem cell research · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicle-Derived microRNAs: Novel Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Gastrointestinal Malignancies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Regulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog by complement component 5a (C5a) and its receptor (C5aR1) in lupus nephritis: A novel therapeutic target.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2025Article
- Resistance of first-line targeted drugs in hepatocellular carcinoma: the epigenetic regulation mechanisms.Cell death & disease · 2025Review
- TET1: The epigenetic architect of clinical disease progression.Genes & diseases · 2025Review
- Polymerase-based DNA reactions for molecularly computing cancerous diagnostic valences of multiple miRNAs.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- PTEN defects in cancer, from gene to protein molecular causes and therapeutic targets.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Role of exosomal non‑coding RNAs in cancer‑associated fibroblast‑mediated therapy resistance (Review).International journal of oncology · 2025Review
- Dysregulated miRNAs Targeting Adiponectin Signaling in Colorectal Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Ten-Eleven Translocation Family Proteins: Structure, Biological Functions, Diseases, and Targeted Therapy.MedComm · 2025Review
- The epigenetic basis of hepatocellular carcinoma - mechanisms and potential directions for biomarkers and therapeutics.British journal of cancer · 2025Review
- Role of Exosome in Solid Cancer Progression and Its Potential Therapeutics in Cancer Treatment.Cancer medicine · 2025Review
- Shaoyao gancao decoction induces autophagy by modulating miR-21 and inhibiting the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in adenomyosis-derived ectopic endometrial stromal cells.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
59 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAs an important means of communication, exosomes play an important role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
methodsBioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter assays, methylation-specific quantitative PCR, and ChIP-PCR analysis were used to gain insight into the underlying mechanism of miR-21 in HCC.
resultsThe detection of miRNAs in exosomes of HCC showed that miR-21 expression in exosomes was positively correlated with the expression level of miR-21 in cells and negatively correlated with the expression of its target genes PTEN, PTENp1 and TETs. HCC cell-derived exosomes could increase miR-21 and p-Akt expression in HCC cells and downregulate the expression of PTEN, PTENp1 and TETs. MiR-21 inhibitors or PTENp1 overexpression vectors could weaken the effect of the abovementioned exosomes and simultaneously weaken their role in promoting cell proliferation and migration and inhibiting apoptosis. Further studies showed that miR-21 not only directly regulated the expression of PTEN, PTENp1 and TETs but also increased the methylation level of the PTENp1 promoter by regulating the expression of TETs, thereby inhibiting the expression of PTENp1 and further downregulating the expression of PTEN.
conclusionsExosomal miR-21 can regulate the expression of the tumor suppressor genes PTEN and PTENp1 in various ways and affect the growth of HCC cells.
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