ReviewAdvances in microbial physiology2019
Roles and regulation of Spx family transcription factors in Bacillus subtilis and related species.
Review in Advances in microbial physiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Spore-Forming Probiotic-Embedded Biomaterials for Targeted Gut Microplastic Biodegradation.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Review
- SpxA1 and SpxA2 Function as a Stoichiometry-Dependent Regulatory Rheostat Governing Virulence Gene Expression in Group A Streptococcus.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Unraveling proteomic chaos by independent component analysis-ClpX proficiency promotes the iron and oxygen limitation responses ofmSystems · 2025Article
- Activation of the Spx redox sensor counters cysteine-driven Fe(II) depletion under disulfide stress.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Proteomic and metabolomic responses of priority bacterial pathogens to subinhibitory concentration of antibiotics.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2025Article
- ComK-induced cell death is reversed by upregulating the SigB or Spx pathway inMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Reductive activation of the disulfide-containing antibiotic thiolutin is mediated by both bacillithiol and FAD-dependent disulfide reductases.Journal of bacteriology · 2025Article
- Genome-wide antibiotic-CRISPRi profiling identifies LiaR activation as a strategy to resensitize fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Defense arsenal of the strict anaerobemBio · 2025Article
- LiaR-dependent gene expression contributes to antimicrobial responses in group AAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Article
- Heterologous expression of the Oenococcus oeni two-component signal transduction response regulator in the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WCFS1 strain enhances acid stress tolerance.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- The Spx stress regulator confers high-level β-lactam resistance and decreases susceptibility to last-line antibiotics in methicillin-resistantAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- TheJournal of bacteriology · 2024Article
- Article
- Greedy reduction of Bacillus subtilis genome yields emergent phenotypes of high resistance to a DNA damaging agent and low evolvability.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- (p)ppGpp - an important player during heat shock response.microLife · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis Spx is the prototype for a large family of redox-responsive transcription factors found in many bacteria, most notably those from the phylum Firmicutes. Unusually for a transcription factor, B. subtilis Spx protein modulates gene expression by binding as a monomer to the αCTD domain of RNA polymerase (RNAP), and only interacts with DNA during subsequent promoter engagement. B. subtilis Spx drives the expression of a large regulon in response to proteotoxic conditions, such as heat and disulfide stress, as well as cell wall stress. Here, we review the detailed mechanisms that control the expression, stability, and activity of Spx in response to a variety of stress conditions. We also summarize current knowledge regarding Spx homologs in other Firmicutes, the environmental conditions in which those homologs are activated, and their biological role.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.