ArticleViruses2019
The S2 Subunit of QX-type Infectious Bronchitis Coronavirus Spike Protein Is an Essential Determinant of Neurotropism.
Article in Viruses, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disruption of the S1/S2 multibasic cleavage site attenuates infectious bronchitis virus, while S2' partially restores viral virulence and expands tissue tropism.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Recombination with a vaccine strain drives the evolution of a more virulent phenotype in avian infectious bronchitis virus.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Astroglia-mediated neuroinflammation as a putative mechanism of neurological outcomes in COVID-19? Insights from a Brazilian cohort.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Deciphering the Genetic Variation: A Comparative Analysis of Parental and Attenuated Strains of the QXL87 Vaccine for Infectious Bronchitis.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- The S2 Subunit of Infectious Bronchitis Virus Affects Abl2-Mediated Syncytium Formation.Viruses · 2023Article
- Key Aspects of Coronavirus Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The relevant information about the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using the five-question approach (when, where, what, why, and how) and its impact on the environment.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2023Review
- Novel recombinant avian infectious bronchitis viruses from chickens in Korea, 2019-2021.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Furin cleavage is required for swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus spike protein-mediated cell - cell fusion.Emerging microbes & infections · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 mediated neurological disorders in COVID-19: Measuring the pathophysiology and immune response.Life sciences · 2022Review
- Genome Sequence Variations of Infectious Bronchitis Virus Serotypes From Commercial Chickens in Mexico.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- The N1038S Substitution andFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2 and neurological diseases of the central nervous system in COVID-19 patients.Experimental brain research · 2022Review
- Biological and Psychological Factors Determining Neuropsychiatric Outcomes in COVID-19.Current psychiatry reports · 2021Review
- SARS-CoV-2: An Overview of Virus Genetics, Transmission, and Immunopathogenesis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- The furin-S2' site in avian coronavirus plays a key role in central nervous system damage progression.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Spike glycoprotein and host cell determinants of SARS-CoV-2 entry and cytopathic effects.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- The genetic structure of SARS-CoV-2 does not rule out a laboratory origin: SARS-COV-2 chimeric structure and furin cleavage site might be the result of genetic manipulation.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Review
- Translating bioactive peptides for COVID-19 therapy.European journal of pharmacology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Some coronaviruses (CoVs) have an extra furin cleavage site (RRKR/S, furin-S2' site) upstream of the fusion peptide in the spike protein, which plays roles in virion adsorption and fusion. Mutation of the S2' site of QX genotype (QX-type) infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) spike protein (S) in a recombinant virus background results in higher pathogenicity, pronounced neural symptoms and neurotropism when compared with conditions in wild-type IBV (WT-IBV) infected chickens. In this study, we present evidence suggesting that recombinant IBV with a mutant S2' site (furin-S2' site) leads to higher mortality. Infection with mutant IBV induces severe encephalitis and breaks the blood-brain barrier. The results of a neutralization test and immunoprotection experiment show that an original serum and vaccine can still provide effective protection in vivo and in vitro. This is the first demonstration of IBV-induced neural symptoms in chickens with encephalitis and the furin-S2' site as a determinant of neurotropism.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.