Trial reportJournal of the American Heart Association2019
Effects of Hormone Therapy on Heart Fat and Coronary Artery Calcification Progression: Secondary Analysis From the KEEPS Trial.
Trial report in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lessons from KEEPS: the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study.Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society · 2021Trial
- Effects of Hormone Therapy on Heart Fat and Coronary Artery Calcification Progression: Secondary Analysis From the KEEPS Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Trial
- Epicardial adipose tissue volume outperforms density in association with cardiorenal complications in hypertensive patients.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular Risk Associated with Menopause and Menopause Hormone Therapy: A Review and Contemporary Approach to Risk Assessment.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Review
- Fluctuations of epicardial adipose tissue and cardiovascular health: A useful biomarker? A comprehensive review.Journal of cardiovascular and thoracic research · 2025Review
- Epicardial Adipose Tissue as an Independent Risk Factor for Mortality in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.Chest · 2025Article
- Epicardial fat thickness is increased in menopausal patients in comparison with premenopausal patients with similar excess weight: a cross-sectional study.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Women's Reproductive Milestones and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Review of Reports and Opportunities From the CARDIA Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Review
- Cardiovascular risk factors and pericardial fat volume as predictors of coronary atherosclerosis burden in postmenopausal women: A retrospective, single center study.Health science reports · 2023Article
- The Current Strategy in Hormonal and Non-Hormonal Therapies in Menopause-A Comprehensive Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Expression of serum inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers and their correlation with coronary artery calcium score in patients with coronary heart disease.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2023Article
- Epicardial Adipose Tissue: A Novel Potential Imaging Marker of Comorbidities Caused by Chronic Inflammation.Nutrients · 2022Review
- The Role of Sirtuins in Osteogenic Differentiation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Vascular Calcification.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- The effects of estrogen and hormone replacement therapy on platelet activity: a review.American journal of blood research · 2022Review
- Roles of Nuclear Receptors in Vascular Calcification.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Cardiovascular Disease: The Role of Formulation, Dose, and Route of Delivery.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Review
- Association of Epicardial Fat Volume With Increased Risk of Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease in Chinese Patients With Suspected Coronary Artery Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Article
- Surgical Menopause and Estrogen Therapy Modulate the Gut Microbiota, Obesity Markers, and Spatial Memory in Rats.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Menopausal Hormone Therapy: a Comprehensive Review.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2020Review
- Myocardium Metabolism in Physiological and Pathophysiological States: Implications of Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Potential Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 11 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background Heart fats (epicardial and paracardial adipose tissue [PAT]) are greater after menopause. Endogenous estrogen may regulate these fat depots. We evaluated the differential effects of hormone therapy formulations on heart fat accumulations and their associations with coronary artery calcification (CAC) progression in recently menopausal women from KEEPS (Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study). Methods and Results KEEPS was a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the effects of 0.45 mg/d oral conjugated equine estrogens and 50 µg/d transdermal 17β-estradiol, compared with placebo, on 48-month progression of subclinical atherosclerosis among 727 early menopausal women. CAC progression was defined if baseline CAC score was 0 and 48-month CAC score was >0 or if baseline CAC score was >0 and <100 and annualized change in CAC score was ≥10. Of 727 KEEPS participants, 474 (mean age: 52.7 [SD: 2.6]; 78.1% white) had computed tomography-based heart fat and CAC measures at both baseline and 48 months. Compared with women on placebo, women on oral conjugated equine estrogens were less likely to have any increase in epicardial adipose tissue (odds ratio for oral conjugated equine estrogens versus placebo: 0.62 [95% CI, 0.40-0.97];
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.